кале
See also: Appendix:Variations of "kale" and Кале
Bulgarian
Etymology
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (whence Modern Turkish kale), cognate with Persian کلات (“stronghold”), قلعه (“fortress”) and Arabic قلعة (“fortress”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɐˈlɛ]
Audio: (file)
Noun
кале́ • (kalé) n
- (historical) qalat (defensive fort in the Middle East and Central Asia, typically built at inhospitable location)
- (colloquial) (ruins of) fortress, fortified place
- Synonyms: кре́пост (krépost), твърдина́ (tvǎrdiná)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | кале́ kalé |
калта́ kaltá |
| definite | кале́то kaléto |
калта́та kaltáta |
Coordinate terms
- хиса́р (hisár, “hisar, castle”) (fortification built at hospitable location, serving as a residence)
References
- “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Macedonian
Etymology
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (Turkish kale).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkalɛ]
Noun
кале • (kale) n
- (historical) fortress
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | кале (kale) | калиња (kalinja) |
| definite unspecified | калето (kaleto) | калињата (kalinjata) |
| definite proximal | калево (kalevo) | калињава (kalinjava) |
| definite distal | калено (kaleno) | калињана (kalinjana) |
| vocative | кале (kale) | калиња (kalinja) |
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkalʲe]
- IPA(key): [kɐˈɫorʲɪje] (phonetic respelling: кало́рие)
Noun
ка́ле • (kále) m inan
- prepositional singular of кал (kal)
Noun
калé • (kalé) m inan