пищя
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *piščati, of onomatopoeic origin. By surface analysis, пи́сък (písǎk, “scream, shriek”) + -я (-ja).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [piʃˈtʲɤ̟]
Verb
пищя́ • (pištjá) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (intransitive) to yelp, to scream
- (of bird) to shrill, to shriek, to squeal (to make sharp vibrant call)
- (figurative) to whistle, to whoosh
- вя́търът пищи́ ― vjátǎrǎt piští ― the wind swooshes
- (by extension) to ring, to resonate
Conjugation
Conjugation of пищя́ (conjugation 2.2, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | пищя́щ pištjášt |
пищя́л pištjál |
пищя́л pištjál |
— | пище́йки pištéjki | |
| definite subject form | пищя́щият pištjáštijat |
пище́лият pištélijat |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | пищя́щия pištjáštija |
пище́лия pištélija |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | пищя́ща pištjášta |
пищя́ла pištjála |
пищя́ла pištjála |
— | ||
| definite | пищя́щата pištjáštata |
пищя́лата pištjálata |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | пищя́що pištjášto |
пищя́ло pištjálo |
пищя́ло pištjálo |
— | пище́не pišténe | |
| definite | пищя́щото pištjáštoto |
пищя́лото pištjáloto |
— | — | пище́нето pišténeto | ||
| plural | indefinite | пищя́щи pištjášti |
пище́ли pištéli |
пище́ли pištéli |
— | пище́ния, пище́нета pišténija, pišténeta | |
| definite | пищя́щите pištjáštite |
пище́лите pištélite |
— | — | пище́нията, пище́нетата pišténijata, pišténetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | пищя́ pištjá |
пищи́ш pištíš |
пищи́ piští |
пищи́м pištím |
пищи́те pištíte |
пищя́т pištját | |
| imperfect | пищя́х pištjáh |
пище́ше pištéše |
пище́ше pištéše |
пищя́хме pištjáhme |
пищя́хте pištjáhte |
пищя́ха pištjáha | |
| aorist | пищя́х pištjáh |
пищя́ pištjá |
пищя́ pištjá |
пищя́хме pištjáhme |
пищя́хте pištjáhte |
пищя́ха pištjáha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and пищя́л m, пищя́ла f, пищя́ло n, or пище́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| пищи́ piští |
пище́те pištéte |
||||||
Derived terms
- запищя́ pf (zapištjá), запищя́вам impf (zapištjávam)
- изпищя́ pf (izpištjá), изпищя́вам impf (izpištjávam)
- напищя́ се pf (napištjá se), напищя́вам се impf (napištjávam se)
- опищя́ pf (opištjá), опищя́вам impf (opištjávam)
- пища́ва (pištáva, “shrill, scream”) (dialectal)
- пища́ч (pištáč) (agent noun)
- пище́ (pišté, “sparrow”) (dialectal)
- пищи́сам (pištísam, “to astound”) (expressive)
- пи́щов (píštov, “pistol”) (morphologically)
- пищя́л (pištjál, “shinbone”)
- припищя́ pf (pripištjá), припищя́вам impf (pripištjávam)
- пропищя́ pf (propištjá), пропищя́вам impf (propištjávam)
- разпищя́ се pf (razpištjá se), разпищя́вам се impf (razpištjávam se)
Related terms
- пи́скам impf (pískam), писвам impf (pisvam), писна pf (pisna, “to screech, yelp”)
- пиу́кам (piúkam, “to chirp, to peep (of young bird)”), пису́кам (pisúkam, “to shrill (of animal)”)
References
- “пищя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “пищя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пищя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 280
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “пищѭ́, -и́шь; -щѣ́лъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 36
Anagrams
- щипя (štipja)