חמה

Named after its heat and related to חַם (kham, “hot”).

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /χaˈma/

חַמָּה • (khamá) f [pattern: קַטְלָה]

1. (the) sun

   Synonym: שֶׁמֶשׁ (shémesh)

   • 1932, לאה גולדברג, “יָמִים לְבָנִים”:

     יָמִים לְבָנִים, אֲרֻכִּים כְּמוֹ בַּקַּיִץ קַרְנֵי־הַחַמָּה

     yamím l'vaním k'mo bakáyits karné-hakhamá

     White days, long like the sun rays in the summer

3. (astronomy) Mercury

   Synonym: כּוֹכַב חַמָּה (kokháv khamá)

• ליקוי חמה / לִקּוּי חַמָּה (likúy khamá)
• שְׁנַת חַמָּה (sh'nát khamá)

• planets of the Solar System: חַמָּה (khamá) · נוגה / נֹגַהּ (nógah) · אֶרֶץ (érets) · מַאֲדִים (ma'adím) · צֶדֶק (tsédek) · שַׁבְּתַאי (shabtáy) · אוּרָנוּס (uránus)/אוֹרוֹן (orón) · נֶפְּטוּן (néptun)/רַהַב (raháv) ^[edit]

• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature‎^[1], London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 476a

Compare Aramaic יַחְמָא (“poison”), Classical Syriac ܚܶܡܬܳܐ (ħɛm(mə)θɑ(ʔ), “heat, wrath, poison”), Arabic حُمَةٌ (ḥumatun, “poison, heat, fever”), Ge'ez ሐሞት (ḥämot, “bile, gall, venom”), Amharic ሐሞት (ḥämot, “bile, gall”), Tigrinya ሓሞት (ḥamot, “bile”). Possibly related to Akkadian /imtu/ (poison, venom). Possibly related to Arabic حَمِيم (ḥamīm, “hot water, fever”).

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /χeˈma/

חֵמָה • (khemá) f (plural indefinite חֵמוֹת, singular construct חמת־, plural construct חמות־)

1. Rage, wrath, fury
   • Tanach, Psalms 78:38, with translation of the New International Version:

     וְה֤וּא רַח֨וּם יְכַפֵּ֥ר עָוֺן֮ וְֽלֹא־יַ֫שְׁחִ֥ית וְ֭הִרְבָּה לְהָשִׁ֣יב אַפּ֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־יָ֝עִיר כָּל־חֲמָתֽוֹ׃

     Yet he was merciful. he forgave their iniquities and did not destroy them. Time after time he restrained his anger and did not stir up his full wrath.

2. venom, poison
   • Tanach, Deuteronomy 32:33, with translation of the New International Version:

     חֲמַ֥ת תַּנִּינִ֖ם יֵינָ֑ם וְרֹ֥אשׁ פְּתָנִ֖ים אַכְזָֽר׃

     Their wine is the venom of serpents, the deadly poison of cobras.

• מהיר חימה / מְהִיר חֵמָה (m'hir khemá)

• H2534 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Leslau, Wolf. Comparative Dictionary of Ge'ez (Classical Ethiopic), 2006. Harrassowitz Verlag. Wiesbaden [2]