ישן

Hebrew

Adjective

יָשָׁן • (yashán) (feminine יְשָׁנָה, masculine plural יְשָׁנִים, feminine plural יְשָׁנוֹת) [pattern: קָטָל]

  1. old, having existed for a long time
  2. old, veteran
  3. dated, no longer used

Usage notes

  • This adjective is never used to refer to an elderly person or an old animal. In that specific sense the adjective זָקֵן (zakén) is used instead.

Derived terms

References

Verb

יָשַׁן • (yashán) (pa'al construction, infinitive לישון / לִישֹׁן, present יָשֵׁן, future יִישַׁן, imperative יְשַׁן)

  1. to sleep, to be asleep
    • Tanach, Psalms 121:4, with translation of the New International Version:
      הִנֵּה לֹא־יָנוּם וְלֹא יִישָׁן שׁוֹמֵר יִשְׂרָאֵל.
      hiné lo yanúm v'lo yishán shomér yisra'él.
      Indeed, he who watches over Israel never slumbers or sleeps.

Usage notes

The 3rd-person masculine past tense form was originally יָשֵׁן, but it is now archaic.[1][2]

Conjugation

Conjugation of יָשַׁן (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לישון / לִישֹׁן
action noun שֵׁנָה
passive participle —
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first יָשַׁנְתִּי יָשַׁנּוּ
second יָשַׁנְתָּ יָשַׁנְתְּ יְשַׁנְתֶּם1 יְשַׁנְתֶּן1
third יָשַׁן יָשְׁנָה יָשְׁנוּ
present יָשֵׁן יְשֵׁנָה יְשֵׁנִים יְשֵׁנוֹת
future first אִישַׁן נִישַׁן
second תִּישַׁן תִּישְׁנִי תִּישְׁנוּ תִּישַׁנָּה2
third יִישַׁן תִּישַׁן יִישְׁנוּ תִּישַׁנָּה2
imperative יְשַׁן יִשְׁנִי יִשְׁנוּ יְשַׁנָּה2

1 Pronounced יָשַׁנְתֶּם and יָשַׁנְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Synonyms

References

  1. ^ Aaron Bar-Adon (1978) “Developments in the Hebrew Verbal System of Israeli Children and Youth”, in Descriptive Linguistics‎[1], volume 2, page 162
  2. ^ “לוחות נטיית הפועל”, in האקדמיה ללשון העברית‎[2], (Can we date this quote?)

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