לא

See also: Appendix:Variations of "la"

Aramaic

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *lā.

Adverb

לָא • ()

  1. no, not

Antonyms

Hebrew

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *lā. Cognate with Arabic لا.

Pronunciation

Adverb

לֹא • (lo)

  1. Not; used in negating verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.

Usage notes

  • לא is not used to negate verbs in the imperative; rather, in ancient texts negative imperatives consist of לא and a verb in the second-person jussive, and in modern use they consist of אל (al) and a verb in the second-person future. However, even in modern use, לא may be used together with a to-infinitive to create what might be called a "general negative imperative", where no specific person is being addressed. (The general negative imperative might be better viewed as a kind of declarative, however, as it can be used in a subordinate clause.)
  • Hebrew does not require a "dummy auxiliary verb" to negate a verb; for example, English "I didn't go" corresponds to Hebrew לא הלכתי (lo halákhti, not went-1ST-PERSON-SINGULAR).
  • לא cannot be used to negate יש (yesh, there is, there are); rather, its negative counterpart אין (ein, there isn't, there aren't) must be used.
  • In formal Hebrew, clauses of the form <subject> לא <verb in present-tense, adjective or noun phrase> (meaning <subject> don't/doesn't <verb> or <subject> isn't/aren't/am not <adjective or noun phrase>) are typically recast using אין (ein) in its inflections.
  • לא can stand in for an entire negative clause, rather like English not or an English auxiliary verb plus not, but a bit more flexibly.

Interjection

לֹא • (lo)

  1. No; used in responding to questions.

See also

Anagrams

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew לא.

Adverb

לא • (loy)

  1. no, not so
    Synonym: ניין (neyn)
    • 1998, Steven A. Jacobson, quotee, A Guide to the More Common Hebraic Words in Yiddish, Fairbanks, AK, page 91:
      “לא מיט אַן אַלף“
      "loy mit an alef"
      "No with an א; absolutely not"
    • 1998, Steven A. Jacobson, quotee, A Guide to the More Common Hebraic Words in Yiddish, Fairbanks, AK, page 91:
      “לא דובים ולא יער“
      "loy dubim veloy iar"
      "Neither bears nor woods; entirely untrue"
    • 1998, Steven A. Jacobson, quotee, A Guide to the More Common Hebraic Words in Yiddish, Fairbanks, AK, page 91:
      “לא היה ולא נבֿרא“
      "loy hoyo veloy nivro"
      "There is no such thing."

Usage notes

More commonly used in idiomatic phrases; for the standard "no" equivalent, see the Germanic נײן.

Derived terms

  • לא־די (loy-day, Not enough (that))
  • לא־ױצח (loy-yutslekh, Good-for-nothing; ne'er-do-well)
  • לא־יחרץ (loy-yekhrets, Hush money; usually with -געלט)

References

  • Steven A. Jacobson (1998) A Guide to the More Common Hebraic Words in Yiddish, 5th edition, Fairbanks, AK: National Yiddish Book Center, →ISBN, page 91