ע־ל־ם

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Cognate with Aramaic עַלֵּם (ʿallem) "to conceal, make disappear" and Ugaritic 𐎓𐎍𐎎 (ʿlm) "to be hidden, unknown; to go unnoticed".

Potentially related to Akkadian 𒂖𒆷𒈬𒌋𒀀 (/⁠ellamu, illamu⁠/, “front, before; both temporally and in location; coming before your time or being currently physically before you now”) via the notion of "front" ↔ "to be in front, to be preceding; to go ahead of" ↔ "to leave behind" ↔ "to be gone; to vanish, disappear" ↔ "to conceal, hide".

Root

ע־ל־ם • (ʿ-l-m)

  1. Related to disappearance, hiding.

Etymology 2

Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎓𐎍𐎎 (ʿlm) "eternity", Phoenician 𐤏𐤋𐤌 (ʿlm) "eternity", Aramaic עָלַם (ʿālam) "eternity; world, universe; nation, people", Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam) "world", and Ge'ez ዓለም (ʿaläm) "world" (the latter two likely borrowed from Aramaic).

Potentially also related to Akkadian 𒂖𒆷𒈬𒌋𒀀 (/⁠ellamu, illamu⁠/, “front, before”) via the notion of "what lies in front". If so, related to Etymology 1.

Root

ע־ל־ם • (ʿ-l-m)

  1. Related to the world, eternity.

Etymology 3

Cognate with Arabic غُلَام (ḡulām) "boy", Aramaic עוּלֵימ (ʿŭlēm) "(male) youth", & Ugaritic 𐎙𐎍𐎎 (ġlm) "boy, lad".

Root

ע־ל־ם • (ʿ-l-m)

  1. Related to youth.
Derived terms
Hebrew terms belonging to the root ע־ל־ם (0 c, 8 e)

References

  • A. Murtonen (1989) “ʿLM; ʿLM II”, in Hebrew in Its West Semitic Setting, Part I, Section Bb, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 320
  • Klein, Ernest (1987) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎[1], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, pages 466, 473

Further reading

  • “ע־ל־ם” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
  • “ע־ל־ם”, in Hebrew dictionary and conjugation tables, Pealim.com
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