آزاد
Kalami
Etymology
Adjective
آزاد (āzād) m
Kashmiri
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آزاد (āzād).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aːzaːd/
Adjective
آزاد • (āzād) m or f (Devanagari आज़ाद)
Synonyms
- یَلہٕ (yalụ)
- مۄکُل (mọkul)
References
- S. K. Toshakhani, J. Lal Kaul, Mohiuddin Hajni, Prithvi Nath Pushp, Akhtar Mohiuddin (1968-1980) Kashir Dictionary Vol 1[1] (in Kashmiri), volume 1, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 150
Khalaj
Adjective
آزاد (âzâd)
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
- ազատ (azad) — Armeno-Turkish
Etymology
From Persian آزاد (âzâd), likely before the Ottoman Turkish era because the word is attested in other Turkic languages since the 11th century.
Adjective
آزاد • (azad)
Related terms
- آزادسز (azadsız)
- آزادلق (azadlık)
- آزادلمق (azadlamak)
Descendants
References
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “azat”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 399
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “azat”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian ʾcʾt' (/āzād/, “noble; free”), from Old Persian *āzātah, a northwestern borrowing from Proto-Iranian *āzātah. Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫀𐫀𐫉𐫀𐫅 (ʾʾzʾd /āzād/), and Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /āzāt/, “noble”). Akin to Old Armenian ազատ (azat), Georgian აზატი (azaṭi), Iranian borrowings.
Ultimately from the past participle of Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, originally meaning “born (into the clan)” and, by extension, “noble” and “free”.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔaː.ˈzaːd/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɑː.zɑːd̪]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɒː.zɒːd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɔ.zɔd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | āzād |
Dari reading? | āzād |
Iranian reading? | âzâd |
Tajik reading? | ozod |
Audio (Iran): (file)
Adjective
Dari | آزاد |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | озод |
آزاد • (âzâd) (comparative آزادتَر, superlative آزادتَرین)
- independent, unimpeded
- liberal
- free
- 1932, محمد اقبال [Muhammad Iqbāl], “The Martian Astronomer comes out of the Observatory”, in Arthur J. Arberry, transl., جاویدنامه [Jāvīdnāma, Book of Eternity][2]:
- نیست یزدان را از آن عالم خبر
من ندیدم عالمے آزادتر- nēst yazdān rā az ān 'ālam xabar
man na-dīdam 'ālam-ē āzād-tar - God Himself knows nothing of that world;
I have never seen a world more free
- nēst yazdān rā az ān 'ālam xabar
- loose
Inflection
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
1st person (“I am, we are”) |
آزادم (âzâdam) | آزادیم (âzâdim) |
2nd person (“you are”) |
آزادی (âzâdi) | آزادید، آزادین△ (âzâdid, âzâdin△) |
3rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”) |
آزاد است، آزاده△ (âzâd ast, âzâde△) | آزادند، آزادن△ (âzâdand, âzâdan△) |
△ Colloquial.
Derived terms
- آزادی (âzâdi)
- آزاده (âzâde)
- آزادانه (âzâdâne)
Adverb
آزاد • (âzâd)
Descendants
- Tajik: озод (ozod)
- → Uzbek: ozod
- → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܙܵܕ (āzād)
- → Azerbaijani: azad (azad)
- → Udi: азад (azad)?
- → Bengali: আজাদ (azad)
- → Crimean Tatar: azat
- → Kazakh: азат (azat)
- → Khalaj: âzâd
- → Gagauz: azat
- → Gujarati: આજાદ (ājād)
- → Hindustani:
- → Udi: азад (azad)?
- → Kurdish:
- → Ottoman Turkish: آزاد (azad), ազատ (azad) — Armeno-Turkish
- → Punjabi:
- → Sindhi: آزاد (āzād)
- → Tatar: азат (azat)
- → Turkmen: azat
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “āzād”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
- “ĀZĀD (Iranian Nobility)”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York, 6 January 2015 (last accessed)
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “ազատ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
Sindhi
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آزاد (āzād).
Adjective
آزاد • (āzād) (Devanagari आज़ादु)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آزَاد (āzād).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɑː.zɑːd̪/
Audio (Pakistan): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːd̪
- Hyphenation: آ‧زاد
Adjective
آزاد • (āzād) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling आज़ाद)
- free, independent
- liberated
- (by extension) safe (from fear, worry etc.)
- (by extension) released, freed (from enslavement or bondage etc.)
- (politics) self-governing, independent
- unrestrained
- progressive, liberal (often euphemistic)
- (rare) universal
Related terms
- آزادی (āzādī, “independence”)