اختصار
Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| خ ص ر (ḵ ṣ r) |
| 6 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ix.ti.sˤaːr/
- Rhymes: -aːr
Noun
اِخْتِصَار • (iḵtiṣār) m (plural اِخْتِصَارَات (iḵtiṣārāt))
- verbal noun of اِخْتَصَرَ (iḵtaṣara) (form VIII)
- abbreviation
- shortening
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | اِخْتِصَار iḵtiṣār |
الِاخْتِصَار al-iḵtiṣār |
اِخْتِصَار iḵtiṣār |
| nominative | اِخْتِصَارٌ iḵtiṣārun |
الِاخْتِصَارُ al-iḵtiṣāru |
اِخْتِصَارُ iḵtiṣāru |
| accusative | اِخْتِصَارًا iḵtiṣāran |
الِاخْتِصَارَ al-iḵtiṣāra |
اِخْتِصَارَ iḵtiṣāra |
| genitive | اِخْتِصَارٍ iḵtiṣārin |
الِاخْتِصَارِ al-iḵtiṣāri |
اِخْتِصَارِ iḵtiṣāri |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | اِخْتِصَارَيْن iḵtiṣārayn |
الِاخْتِصَارَيْن al-iḵtiṣārayn |
اِخْتِصَارَيْ iḵtiṣāray |
| nominative | اِخْتِصَارَانِ iḵtiṣārāni |
الِاخْتِصَارَانِ al-iḵtiṣārāni |
اِخْتِصَارَا iḵtiṣārā |
| accusative | اِخْتِصَارَيْنِ iḵtiṣārayni |
الِاخْتِصَارَيْنِ al-iḵtiṣārayni |
اِخْتِصَارَيْ iḵtiṣāray |
| genitive | اِخْتِصَارَيْنِ iḵtiṣārayni |
الِاخْتِصَارَيْنِ al-iḵtiṣārayni |
اِخْتِصَارَيْ iḵtiṣāray |
| plural | sound feminine plural | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | اِخْتِصَارَات iḵtiṣārāt |
الِاخْتِصَارَات al-iḵtiṣārāt |
اِخْتِصَارَات iḵtiṣārāt |
| nominative | اِخْتِصَارَاتٌ iḵtiṣārātun |
الِاخْتِصَارَاتُ al-iḵtiṣārātu |
اِخْتِصَارَاتُ iḵtiṣārātu |
| accusative | اِخْتِصَارَاتٍ iḵtiṣārātin |
الِاخْتِصَارَاتِ al-iḵtiṣārāti |
اِخْتِصَارَاتِ iḵtiṣārāti |
| genitive | اِخْتِصَارَاتٍ iḵtiṣārātin |
الِاخْتِصَارَاتِ al-iḵtiṣārāti |
اِخْتِصَارَاتِ iḵtiṣārāti |
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: ixtisar
- → Indonesian: ikhtisar
- → Persian: اختصار
- → Urdu: اختصار
- → Ottoman Turkish: اختصار
- → Turkish: ihtisar
Persian
Etymology
From Arabic اِخْتِصَار (iḵtiṣār).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔix.ti.ˈsaːɾ/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɪx.t̪ʰɪ.sɑ́ːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔex.t̪ʰe.sɒ́ːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔiχ.t̪ʰi.sɔ́ɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | ixtisār |
| Dari reading? | ixtisār |
| Iranian reading? | extesâr |
| Tajik reading? | ixtisor |
- Rhymes: -ɑːr
Noun
اختصار • (extesâr)
- abbreviation
- Synonym: کوتهنوشت (kutah-nevešt)
- summary
Derived terms
- اختصارسازی (extesâr-sâzi, “abbreviation”)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār), from Arabic اِخْتِصَار (iḵtiṣār).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɪx.t̪ɪ.sɑːɾ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːɾ
- Hyphenation: اِخ‧تِ‧صَار
Noun
اِخْتِصَار • (ixtisār) m (Hindi spelling इख़्तिसार)
- brief, summary
- abridgement; abbreviation
- conciseness; brevity; condensation
- (mathematics) simplification (of fractions)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār) | اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār) |
| oblique | اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār) | اِخْتِصَاروں (ixtisārõ) |
| vocative | اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār) | اِخْتِصَارو (ixtisāro) |
Further reading
- “اختصار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “اختصار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “اختصار”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “اختصار”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- S. W. Fallon (1879) “اِخ؟تِصار”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 50
- John Shakespear (1834) “اختصار”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC