استناد
Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| س ن د (s n d) |
| 10 terms |
Etymology
Verbal noun of اِسْتَنَدَ (istanada).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /is.ti.naːd/
- Rhymes: -aːd
Noun
اِسْتِنَاد • (istinād) m
- verbal noun of اِسْتَنَدَ (istanada) (form VIII)
- leaning upon
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | اِسْتِنَاد istinād |
الِاسْتِنَاد al-istinād |
اِسْتِنَاد istinād |
| nominative | اِسْتِنَادٌ istinādun |
الِاسْتِنَادُ al-istinādu |
اِسْتِنَادُ istinādu |
| accusative | اِسْتِنَادًا istinādan |
الِاسْتِنَادَ al-istināda |
اِسْتِنَادَ istināda |
| genitive | اِسْتِنَادٍ istinādin |
الِاسْتِنَادِ al-istinādi |
اِسْتِنَادِ istinādi |
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: istinad
- → Ottoman Turkish: استناد (istinâd)
- Turkish: istinat
- → Persian: استناد
- → Urdu: استناد
- → Uzbek: istinod
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِنَاد (istinād).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔis.ti.ˈnaːd/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪ.nɑ́ːd̪]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔes.t̪ʰe.nɒ́ːd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔis.t̪ʰi.nɔ́d̪]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | istinād |
| Dari reading? | istinād |
| Iranian reading? | estenâd |
| Tajik reading? | istinod |
Noun
استناد • (estenâd)
- relying on, drawing upon (e.g. a source)
- به استناد حکم دادگاه ― be estenâd-e hokm-e dâdgâh ― based on court orders
Further reading
- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “استناد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim