الاہما
Punjabi
Alternative forms
- اُلَامھا (ulāmhā), اُلَان٘بھا (ulāṉbhā)
- لاہما (lāhmā), لَان٘بھا (lāṉbhā) — colloquial
Etymology
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀉𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀁𑀪 (uvālaṃbha), from Sanskrit उपालम्भ (upālambha). Cognate with Sindhi اولانڀو (olā̃bho).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Punjabi) Phonetic: ulā́mā IPA(key): /ʊ.läː˦.mäː/, [ɵ.lä̃ː˦.mäː]
- Rhymes: -äː
Noun
اُلَاہْما • (ulāhmā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਉਲਾਹਮਾ) (Standard Punjabi)
- complaint
- 1995, حُسَین شاہِد [ḥusain śāhid], ڈَراکَل: ناوَل [ḍarākal: nāval, Timid: Novel], →OCLC, page 89:
- پیو نے تے خیر اوہدے نال اودوں وی پیار کیتا سی جدوں اروڑہ اوہنوں الاہمیاں دی موتے ماردا رہیا سی
- pyū ne te xair ohde nāl odoṉ vī piyār kītā sī jadoṉ aroṛah ohnūṉ ulāhmiyāṉ dī maute mārdā rahyā sī
- Though his dad loved him even when Arora would hit him to death with complaints.
- (by extension) criticism, indictment
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | اُلَاہْما (ulāhmā) | اُلَاہْمے (ulāhme) |
| oblique | اُلَاہْمے (ulāhme) | اُلَاہْمیْاں (ulāhmiyāṉ) |
| vocative | اُلَاہْمیْا (ulāhmiyā) | اُلَاہْمیو (ulāhmeyo) |
| ablative | اُلَاہْمیوں (ulāhmeyoṉ) | اُلَاہْمیْاں (ulāhmiyāṉ) |
| locative | – | اُلَاہْمِیں (ulāhmīṉ) |
| instrumental | اُلَاہْمے (ulāhme) | – |
Further reading
- Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “اُلاہما”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
- “ਉਲਾਹਮਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “upālambha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 108