بخار

See also: تجاز, تجار, بحار, and تخار

Arabic

Etymology

    From the root ب خ ر (b ḵ r), related to vapor. Compare with بَخَرَ (baḵara, “to boil”), تَبَخَّر (tabaḵḵar, “to evaporate, to perfume with incense”) and بُخُور (buḵūr, “incense”).[1]

    Noun

    بُخَار • (buḵār) m (plural أَبْخِرَة (ʔabḵira))

    1. vapor, fume
    2. steam

    Declension

    Declension of noun بُخَار (buḵār)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal بُخَار
    buḵār     		الْبُخَار
    al-buḵār     		بُخَار
    buḵār
    nominative بُخَارٌ
    buḵārun     		الْبُخَارُ
    al-buḵāru     		بُخَارُ
    buḵāru
    accusative بُخَارًا
    buḵāran     		الْبُخَارَ
    al-buḵāra     		بُخَارَ
    buḵāra
    genitive بُخَارٍ
    buḵārin     		الْبُخَارِ
    al-buḵāri     		بُخَارِ
    buḵāri
    dual indefinite definite construct
    informal بُخَارَيْن
    buḵārayn     		الْبُخَارَيْن
    al-buḵārayn     		بُخَارَيْ
    buḵāray
    nominative بُخَارَانِ
    buḵārāni     		الْبُخَارَانِ
    al-buḵārāni     		بُخَارَا
    buḵārā
    accusative بُخَارَيْنِ
    buḵārayni     		الْبُخَارَيْنِ
    al-buḵārayni     		بُخَارَيْ
    buḵāray
    genitive بُخَارَيْنِ
    buḵārayni     		الْبُخَارَيْنِ
    al-buḵārayni     		بُخَارَيْ
    buḵāray
    plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
    indefinite definite construct
    informal أَبْخِرَة
    ʔabḵira     		الْأَبْخِرَة
    al-ʔabḵira     		أَبْخِرَة
    ʔabḵirat
    nominative أَبْخِرَةٌ
    ʔabḵiratun     		الْأَبْخِرَةُ
    al-ʔabḵiratu     		أَبْخِرَةُ
    ʔabḵiratu
    accusative أَبْخِرَةً
    ʔabḵiratan     		الْأَبْخِرَةَ
    al-ʔabḵirata     		أَبْخِرَةَ
    ʔabḵirata
    genitive أَبْخِرَةٍ
    ʔabḵiratin     		الْأَبْخِرَةِ
    al-ʔabḵirati     		أَبْخِرَةِ
    ʔabḵirati

    Descendants

    • Gulf Arabic: بخار (buḵār)
    • → Armenian: բուխարի (buxari)
    • → Azerbaijani: buxar, buxarı
    • Hindustani:
    • → Georgian: ბუხარი (buxari)
      • → Bats: ბუხარ (buxar)
    • → Persian: بخار (boxâr)
    • → Turkish: buhar

    References

    1. ^ Federico Corriente and Ignacio Ferrando (2005) Diccionario avanzado árabe: Tomo I: árabe-español, page 49,50

    Persian

    Dari بخار
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik бухор

    Etymology

      Borrowed from Arabic بُخَار (buḵār).

      Pronunciation

       

      Readings
      Classical reading? buxār
      Dari reading? buxār
      Iranian reading? boxâr
      Tajik reading? buxor
      • Rhymes: -ɑːr

      Noun

      بخار • (boxâr)

      1. steam, vapor

      Punjabi

      Etymology

        Etymology tree
        Arabic بُخَار (buḵār)bor.
        Classical Persian بُخَار (buxār)bor.
        Punjabi بُخَار (buxār)

        Borrowed from Classical Persian بُخَار (buxār), borrowed from Arabic بُخَار (buḵār).

        Pronunciation

        Noun

        بُخَار • (buxār) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੁਖ਼ਾਰ)

        1. a fever
        2. steam; vapour
        3. (figuratively) any emotion – anger, excitement, passion etc.

        Declension

        Declension of بخار
        singular plural
        direct بُخَار (buxār) بُخَار (buxār)
        oblique بُخَار (buxār) بُخَاراں (buxārāṉ)
        vocative بُخَارا (buxārā) بُخَارو (buxāro)
        ablative بُخَاروں (buxāroṉ) بُخَاراں (buxārāṉ)
        locative بُخَارے (buxāre) بُخَارِیں (buxārīṉ)
        instrumental بُخَاروں (buxāroṉ) –

        Further reading

        • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “بُخار”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
        • “ਬੁਖਾਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025

        Urdu

        Etymology

          Etymology tree
          Arabic بُخَار (buḵār)bor.
          Classical Persian بُخَار (buxār)bor.
          Urdu بُخَار (buxār)

          Borrowed from Classical Persian بُخَار (buxār), borrowed from Arabic بُخَار (buḵār).

          Pronunciation

          • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /bʊ.xɑːɾ/
          • Rhymes: -ɑːɾ
          • Hyphenation: بُ‧خَار

          Noun

          بُخَار • (buxār) m (formal plural بُخارات (buxārāt), Hindi spelling बुख़ार)

          1. fever
          2. steam; vapour; exhalation
          3. smoke
          4. anger; anguish

          Declension

          Declension of بخار
          singular plural
          direct بُخَار (buxār) بُخَار (buxār)
          oblique بُخَار (buxār) بُخَاروں (buxārõ)
          vocative بُخَار (buxār) بُخَارو (buxāro)

          Further reading

          More information
          • “بخار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
          • “بخار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
          • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “بخار”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
          • Platts, John T. (1884) “بخار”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
          • S. W. Fallon (1879) “بخار”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
          • John Shakespear (1834) “بخار”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
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