تعرض

Arabic

Root
ع ر ض (ʕ r ḍ)
16 terms

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ta.ʕar.ra.dˤa/

Verb

تَعَرَّضَ • (taʕarraḍa) V (non-past يَتَعَرَّضُ (yataʕarraḍu), verbal noun تَعَرُّض (taʕarruḍ))

to expose oneself to
تَعَرَّضَ لِلشَّمْسِ ― taʕarraḍa li-š-šamsi ― He exposed himself to the sun
to resist, oppose

Conjugation

Conjugation of **تَعَرَّضَ** (V, sound, impersonal passive, verbal noun **تَعَرُّض**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَعَرُّض taʕarruḍ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُتَعَرِّض mutaʕarriḍ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُتَعَرَّض mutaʕarraḍ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَعَرَّضْتُ taʕarraḍtu	تَعَرَّضْتَ taʕarraḍta	تَعَرَّضَ taʕarraḍa	تَعَرَّضْتُمَا taʕarraḍtumā	تَعَرَّضَا taʕarraḍā	تَعَرَّضْنَا taʕarraḍnā	تَعَرَّضْتُمْ taʕarraḍtum	تَعَرَّضُوا taʕarraḍū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	تَعَرَّضْتُ taʕarraḍtu	تَعَرَّضْتِ taʕarraḍti	تَعَرَّضَتْ taʕarraḍat	تَعَرَّضْتُمَا taʕarraḍtumā	تَعَرَّضَتَا taʕarraḍatā	تَعَرَّضْنَا taʕarraḍnā	تَعَرَّضْتُنَّ taʕarraḍtunna	تَعَرَّضْنَ taʕarraḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَتَعَرَّضُ ʔataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضُ tataʕarraḍu	يَتَعَرَّضُ yataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضَانِ tataʕarraḍāni	يَتَعَرَّضَانِ yataʕarraḍāni	نَتَعَرَّضُ nataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضُونَ tataʕarraḍūna	يَتَعَرَّضُونَ yataʕarraḍūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَتَعَرَّضُ ʔataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضِينَ tataʕarraḍīna	تَتَعَرَّضُ tataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضَانِ tataʕarraḍāni	تَتَعَرَّضَانِ tataʕarraḍāni	نَتَعَرَّضُ nataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضْنَ tataʕarraḍna	يَتَعَرَّضْنَ yataʕarraḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَتَعَرَّضَ ʔataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضَ tataʕarraḍa	يَتَعَرَّضَ yataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	يَتَعَرَّضَا yataʕarraḍā	نَتَعَرَّضَ nataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضُوا tataʕarraḍū	يَتَعَرَّضُوا yataʕarraḍū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَتَعَرَّضَ ʔataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضِي tataʕarraḍī	تَتَعَرَّضَ tataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	نَتَعَرَّضَ nataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضْنَ tataʕarraḍna	يَتَعَرَّضْنَ yataʕarraḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَتَعَرَّضْ ʔataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضْ tataʕarraḍ	يَتَعَرَّضْ yataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	يَتَعَرَّضَا yataʕarraḍā	نَتَعَرَّضْ nataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضُوا tataʕarraḍū	يَتَعَرَّضُوا yataʕarraḍū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَتَعَرَّضْ ʔataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضِي tataʕarraḍī	تَتَعَرَّضْ tataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	نَتَعَرَّضْ nataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضْنَ tataʕarraḍna	يَتَعَرَّضْنَ yataʕarraḍna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		تَعَرَّضْ taʕarraḍ		تَعَرَّضَا taʕarraḍā			تَعَرَّضُوا taʕarraḍū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		تَعَرَّضِي taʕarraḍī		تَعَرَّضَا taʕarraḍā			تَعَرَّضْنَ taʕarraḍna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	تُعُرِّضَ tuʕurriḍa	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُتَعَرَّضُ yutaʕarraḍu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُتَعَرَّضَ yutaʕarraḍa	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُتَعَرَّضْ yutaʕarraḍ	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Etymology 2

Verbal noun of تَعَرَّضَ (taʕarraḍa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ta.ʕar.rudˤ/

Noun

تَعَرُّض • (taʕarruḍ) m

verbal noun of تَعَرَّضَ (taʕarraḍa) (form V)
exposure
proneness
opposition

Declension

Declension of noun **تَعَرُّض** (taʕarruḍ)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تَعَرُّض taʕarruḍ	التَّعَرُّض at-taʕarruḍ	تَعَرُّض taʕarruḍ
nominative	تَعَرُّضٌ taʕarruḍun	التَّعَرُّضُ at-taʕarruḍu	تَعَرُّضُ taʕarruḍu
accusative	تَعَرُّضًا taʕarruḍan	التَّعَرُّضَ at-taʕarruḍa	تَعَرُّضَ taʕarruḍa
genitive	تَعَرُّضٍ taʕarruḍin	التَّعَرُّضِ at-taʕarruḍi	تَعَرُّضِ taʕarruḍi

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: təərrüz
→ Ottoman Turkish: تعرض (taʿarruz)
- → Turkish: taarruz
→ Persian: تعرض
→ Uyghur: تەئەررۇز (te'erruz)
→ Uzbek: taarruz

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic تَعَرُّض (taʕarruḍ).

Noun

تعرض • (taarrüz) (plural تعرضات)

crossing paths
opposing, attacking

Descendants

Turkish: taarruz

References

Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “taarruz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “تعرض”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 560

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعَرُّض (taʕarruḍ).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ta.ʔaɾ.ˈɾuz/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔär.rʊ́z]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑːär.rʊ́z]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔːär.rúz]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæ.ʔæɹ.ɹóz]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔäɾ.ɾúz]

Readings
Classical reading^?	ta'arruz
Dari reading^?	ta'arruz
Iranian reading^?	ta'arroz
Tajik reading^?	ta'arruz

Noun

تعرض • (ta'arroz) (plural تعرض‌ها, or تعرضات (ta'arrozât))

assault; aggression
- 2022 July 28, “امروز حتی فکر تعرض به خاک ایران به ذهن کسی خطور نمی‌کند”, in president.ir‎^[2]:
  دکتر رئیسی تأکید کرد: فرمانده معظم کل قوا و ما به عنوان دولت بارها اعلام کرده‌ایم؛ هر کسی را که بخواهد تعرضی به کشور داشته باشد، شدیدا پشیمان خواهیم کرد.
  doktor-e ra'isi ta'kid kard: farmândeh-e mo'azzem-e kol-e qovâ o mâ be onvân-e dowlat bâr-hâ e'lâm karde'im; har kasi râ ke bexâhad ta'arrozi be kešvar dâšte bâšad, šadidan pašimân xâhim kard.
  Doctor Ra'isi stated, "The Supreme Commander-in-Chief and we, as the government, have announced it repeatedly; we will make whoever wants to attack our country sorely regret it."
- 2023 November 14, “پناهجوی افغان متهم به تجاوز و کتک زدن زنان در آسترالیا در پی صدور حکم دادگاه عالی آزاد شد”, in afintl.com‎^[3], Afghanistan International:
  روزنامه دیلی میل گزارش داد پس از آن که دادگاه عالی آسترالیا بازداشت نامحدود مهاجران را غیر قانونی اعلام کرد، پناهجوی افغان متهم به جرم تجاوز جنسی و تعرض به زنان مسن آزاد شد.
  rōznāma-yi daylī mayl guzāriš dād pas az ān ki dādgāh-i ālī-yi āstarāliyā bāzdāšt-i nāmahdūd-i muhājirān rā ġayr-i qānūnī i'lām kard, panāhjū-yi afġān-i muttaham ba jurm-i tajāwuz-i jinsī u ta'arruz ba zanān-i musin āzād šud.
  The Daily Mail newspaper reported that after the High Court of Australia declared the unlimited detention of migrants to be illegal, an Afghan asylum seeker accused of the crime of rape and assault against senior women was released.
  (Dari)

Derived terms

تعرض کردن (ta'arroz kardan)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ع ر ض
5 terms

Etymology

From Arabic تَعَرَّضَ (taʕarraḍa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tʕar.radˤ/, [ɪtˈʕar.radˤ]
Audio (al-Lidd): (file)

Verb

تعرّض • (tʕarraḍ) V (present تبعرّض (bitʕarraḍ))

passive of عرّض (ʕarraḍ): to be exposed
to pester, to harass

Conjugation

Conjugation of **تعرض**
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	تعرّضت (tʕarraḍt)	تعرّضت (tʕarraḍt)	تعرّض (tʕarraḍ)	تعرّضنا (tʕarraḍna)	تعرّضتو (tʕarraḍtu)	تعرّضو (tʕarraḍu)
past	f	تعرّضت (tʕarraḍt)	تعرّضتي (tʕarraḍti)	تعرّضت (tʕarraḍat)	تعرّضنا (tʕarraḍna)	تعرّضتو (tʕarraḍtu)	تعرّضو (tʕarraḍu)
present	m	بتعرّض (batʕarraḍ)	بتتعرّض (btitʕarraḍ)	بتعرّض (bitʕarraḍ)	منتعرّض (mnitʕarraḍ)	بتتعرّضو (btitʕarraḍu)	بتعرّضو (bitʕarraḍu)
present	f	بتعرّض (batʕarraḍ)	بتتعرّضي (btitʕarraḍi)	بتتعرّض (btitʕarraḍ)	منتعرّض (mnitʕarraḍ)	بتتعرّضو (btitʕarraḍu)	بتعرّضو (bitʕarraḍu)
subjunctive	m	اتعرّض (atʕarraḍ)	تتعرّض (titʕarraḍ)	يتعرّض (yitʕarraḍ)	نتعرّض (nitʕarraḍ)	تتعرّضو (titʕarraḍu)	يتعرّضو (yitʕarraḍu)
subjunctive	f	اتعرّض (atʕarraḍ)	تتعرّضي (titʕarraḍi)	تتعرّض (titʕarraḍ)	نتعرّض (nitʕarraḍ)	تتعرّضو (titʕarraḍu)	يتعرّضو (yitʕarraḍu)
imperative	m		تعرّض (tʕarraḍ)			تعرّضو (tʕarraḍu)
imperative	f		تعرّضي (tʕarraḍi)			تعرّضو (tʕarraḍu)

Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Noun

Descendants

See also

References

Persian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation