توپ

توْپ (top) (definite accusative توْپۇ, plural توْپلار)

1. Arabic spelling of top (“ball”)

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

From Turkic. Compare Turkish top.

• طوپ (tup, top)

توپ • (tup) (plural توپ‌ها)

1. ball
2. cannon
3. mortar
4. gun

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: तोप (top)

  Urdu: توپ (top)

Probably cognate with Persian توه (tuh, “layer”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (twp /⁠*tōf⁠/, “layer”).

توپ • (tup)

1. (dated) bundle, bale
2. bolt (of fabric)

توپ • (tup) (comparative توپ‌تَر, superlative توپ‌تَرین)

1. (slang) good, cool

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪oːp/

Borrowed from Classical Persian توپ (tōp).

توپ • (top) f (Hindi spelling तोप)

1. gun
2. cannon
3. mortar

Inherited from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa).

توپ • (top) m (Hindi spelling तोप)

1. heap
2. pile
3. cluster

• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “توپ”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]

From Proto-Turkic *top.

• IPA^(key): /top/

توپ • (top) (plural توپلار (toplar))

1. ball

   پەي توپ ― pey top ― a shuttlecock; badminton (the game)

2. masses, people

   كىشىلەر توپى ― kishiler topi ― the mass of people, the masses, the people

3. a flock, swarm, crowd

   بىر توپ چىكەتكە ― bir top chiketke ― a swarm of locusts

4. bolt

   بىر توپ رەخت ― bir top rext ― a bolt of cloth

5. in a large quantity, in bulk

   توپ ساتماق ― top satmaq ― to sell wholesale

6. a measure word for flock, etc.

   بىر توپ پادا قوي ― bir top pada qoy ― a flock of sheep

7. cannon; artillery

   توپ ئاتماق ― top atmaq ― to fire a cannon, to shell

8. (chess) rook

• توپچى (topchi)