جنگل
Burushaski
Etymology
Borrowed from Urdu جَن٘گَل (jangal)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [d͡ʑanɡal]
Noun
جَنگَل (jangal) ?
References
- Bechtholdt, Astrid (2025) “jangal”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017.
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Hindi जंगल (jaṅgal)/Urdu, from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid, sterile, desert”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /d͡ʒaŋ.ˈɡal/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒäŋ.ɡǽl]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒæŋ.ɡʲǽl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒäŋ.ɡǽl]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | jangal |
| Dari reading? | jangal |
| Iranian reading? | jangal |
| Tajik reading? | jangal |
Noun
| Dari | جنگل |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | ҷангал |
جَنْگَل • (jangal) (plural جنگلها)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: cəngəl
- → Armenian: ժանգալ (žangal) (probably)
- → Ottoman Turkish: جنگل (cengel)
- Turkish: cengel
- → Bulgarian: ге́нгер (génger)
- → Kyrgyz: жаңгел (jaŋgel)
Urdu
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀮 (jaṃgala), from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid or sterile region”), from a substrate language.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d͡ʒəŋ.ɡəl/
- Rhymes: -əl
Noun
جَن٘گَل • (jaṅgal) m (Hindi spelling जंगल)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | جَن٘گَل (jaṅgal) | جَن٘گَل (jaṅgal) |
| oblique | جَن٘گَل (jaṅgal) | جَن٘گَلوں (jaṅgalõ) |
| vocative | جَن٘گَل (jaṅgal) | جَن٘گَلو (jaṅgalo) |
Descendants
- → English: jungle (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jāṅgala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press