जंगल
Hindi
Alternative forms
- जङ्गल (jaṅgal)
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀮 (jaṃgala), from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “any arid or sterile region”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /d͡ʒəŋ.ɡəl/, [d͡ʒɐ̃ŋ.ɡɐl]
Audio: (file)
Noun
जंगल • (jaṅgal) m (Urdu spelling جنگل)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | जंगल jaṅgal |
जंगल jaṅgal |
| oblique | जंगल jaṅgal |
जंगलों jaṅgalõ |
| vocative | जंगल jaṅgal |
जंगलो jaṅgalo |
Descendants
- → English: jungle (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jāṅgala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Further reading
- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “जंगल”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid, sterile, desert”).
Noun
जंगल • (jaṅgal) n
Declension
| Declension of जंगल (neut cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
जंगल jaṅgal | ||
| direct plural |
जंगले, जंगलं jaṅgale, jaṅgla | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
जंगल jaṅgal |
जंगले, जंगलं jaṅgale, jaṅgla | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
जंगला jaṅgalā |
जंगलां- jaṅgalān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
जंगलाला jaṅgalālā |
जंगलांना jaṅgalānnā | |
| ergative | जंगलाने, जंगलानं jaṅgalāne, jaṅgalāna |
जंगलांनी jaṅgalānnī | |
| instrumental | जंगलाशी jaṅgalāśī |
जंगलांशी jaṅgalānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
जंगलात jaṅgalāt |
जंगलांत jaṅgalāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
जंगला jaṅgalā |
जंगलांनो jaṅgalānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of जंगल (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
जंगलाचा jaṅgalāċā |
जंगलाचे jaṅgalāċe |
जंगलाची jaṅgalācī |
जंगलाच्या jaṅgalācā |
जंगलाचे, जंगलाचं jaṅgalāċe, jaṅgalāċa |
जंगलाची jaṅgalācī |
जंगलाच्या jaṅgalācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
जंगलांचा jaṅgalānċā |
जंगलांचे jaṅgalānċe |
जंगलांची jaṅgalāñcī |
जंगलांच्या jaṅgalāncā |
जंगलांचे, जंगलांचं jaṅgalānċe, jaṅgalānċa |
जंगलांची jaṅgalāñcī |
जंगलांच्या jaṅgalāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- जंगली (jaṅglī, “wild”)
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “जंगल”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies