حضرتك
Arabic
Etymology
حَضْرَة (ḥaḍra, “presence”) + كَ/كِ (ka/ki, “your”); "your presence" (i.e. "your grace"). Compare Spanish usted (from vuestra merced (“your mercy”)), and the cognate Portuguese term você.
Pronoun
حَضْرَتُكَ • (ḥaḍratuka) m
- (formal) you (polite second-person personal pronoun)
Usage notes
- حَضْرَتُكَ (ḥaḍratuka) and حَضْرَتُكِ (ḥaḍratuki) are used in conducting business with strangers and formal or professional acquaintances, but their use is not considered compulsory in such situations (unlike French vous, Spanish usted, German Sie, etc.), and Arabic does not have a true T-V distinction. Use of the simple pronouns أَنْتَ (ʔanta) and أَنْتِ (ʔanti) is generally not considered rude or disrespectful.
- Though morphologically third person, حَضْرَتُكَ (ḥaḍratuka) and حَضْرَتُكِ (ḥaḍratuki) display second-person agreement (thus, verbs whose subject is حَضْرَتُكِ (ḥaḍratuki) or حَضْرَتُكِ (ḥaḍratuki) are conjugated in the second person).
- Similarly, although حَضْرَتُكَ (ḥaḍratuka) is technically a form of the feminine noun حَضْرَة (ḥaḍra), it displays masculine gender agreement.
- Although morphologically singular, the dual and plural forms display dual and plural agreement, respectively.
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | — | حَضْرَتَك ḥaḍratak |
— | حَضْرَتِك ḥaḍratik |
| nominative | — | حَضْرَتُكَ ḥaḍratuka |
— | حَضْرَتُكِ ḥaḍratuki |
| accusative | — | حَضْرَتَكَ ḥaḍrataka |
— | حَضْرَتَكِ ḥaḍrataki |
| genitive | — | حَضْرَتِكَ ḥaḍratika |
— | حَضْرَتِكِ ḥaḍratiki |
| dual | masculine | feminine | ||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | — | حَضْرَتْكُمَا ḥaḍratkumā |
— | حَضْرَتْكُمَا ḥaḍratkumā |
| nominative | — | حَضْرَتُكُمَا ḥaḍratukumā |
— | حَضْرَتُكُمَا ḥaḍratukumā |
| accusative | — | حَضْرَتَكُمَا ḥaḍratakumā |
— | حَضْرَتَكُمَا ḥaḍratakumā |
| genitive | — | حَضْرَتِكُمَا ḥaḍratikumā |
— | حَضْرَتِكُمَا ḥaḍratikumā |
| plural | masculine | feminine | ||
| plural unknown | sound feminine plural | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | — | حَضْرَتْكُم ḥaḍratkum |
— | حَضْرَتْكُنَّ ḥaḍratkunna |
| nominative | — | حَضْرَتُكُم ḥaḍratukum |
— | حَضْرَتُكُنَّ ḥaḍratukunna |
| accusative | — | حَضْرَتَكُم ḥaḍratakum |
— | حَضْرَتَكُنَّ ḥaḍratakunna |
| genitive | — | حَضْرَتِكُم ḥaḍratikum |
— | حَضْرَتِكُنَّ ḥaḍratikunna |
Egyptian Arabic
Etymology 1
From Arabic حَضْرَتُكَ (ḥaḍratuka). By surface analysis, حضرة (ḥaḍra) + ـك (-ak).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħadˤ.ri.tak/, [ħɑd(ˤ)ˈretæk]
Pronoun
حضرتك • (ḥaḍritak) (feminine حضرتك (ḥaḍritik), plural حضرتكوا (ḥaḍritku) or حضراتكوا (ḥaḍaratku))
Etymology 2
From Arabic حَضْرَتُكِ (ḥaḍratuki). By surface analysis, حضرة (ḥaḍra) + ـك (-ik).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħadˤ.ri.tik/, [ħɑd(ˤ)ˈretɪk]
Pronoun
حضرتك • (ḥaḍritik) (masculine حضرتك (ḥaḍritak), plural حضرتكوا (ḥaḍritku) or حضراتكوا (ḥaḍaratku))