Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
From Old Anatolian Turkish, from Classical Persian خَاوْیَار (xāwyār).
Pronunciation
Noun
خاویار • (havyar)
- caviar
Descendants
- Turkish: havyar
- → Albanian: havjar
- → Middle Armenian: խաւիար (xawiar)
- → Bulgarian: хайве́р (hajvér)
- → Italian: caviale
- → Medieval Latin: caviarium
- → Serbo-Croatian: àjvār / а̀јва̄р
- → Crimean Tatar: havyar
- → Venetan: caviaro
- → Dutch: kaviaar
- → Middle French: cavyaire
- French: caviar (see there for further descendants)
- → German: Kaviar (see there for further descendants)
Persian
Etymology
Formed in another Indo-Iranian language, equivalent to the common Ossetian кӕф (kæf, “fish”) compounded with well-known Romani jaro which is with their usual prejotation and cluster reduction from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hāndrám (Sanskrit आण्ड (āṇḍa, “egg”)), so literally “fish-eggs”.[1][2]
Pronunciation
Noun
خاویار • (xâvyâr)
- caviar
Descendants
- → Byzantine Greek: χαβιάρι (khabiári), χαβιάριον (khabiárion), χαβάρα (khabára) (from 12th century)
- → Ottoman Turkish: خاویار (havyar)
- Turkish: havyar
- → Albanian: havjar
- → Middle Armenian: խաւիար (xawiar)
- → Bulgarian: хайве́р (hajvér)
- → Italian: caviale
- → Medieval Latin: caviarium
- → Serbo-Croatian: àjvār / а̀јва̄р
- → Crimean Tatar: havyar
- → Venetan: caviaro
- → Dutch: kaviaar
- → Middle French: cavyaire
- French: caviar (see there for further descendants)
- → German: Kaviar (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Szemerényi, Oswald (1967) “Славянская этимология на индоевропейском фоне”, in В. А. Меркулова, transl., Вопросы языкознания (in Russian), number 4, pages 24–25
- ^ Shukurov, Rustam (2016) The Byzantine Turks, 1204–1461 (The medieval Mediterranean; 105)[1], Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 325