سلاح
Arabic
Etymology
| Root |
|---|
| س ل ح (s l ḥ) |
| 6 terms |
Cognate with Biblical Hebrew שֶׁלַח (šɛlaḥ, “dagger, short sword”).
Pronunciation
Noun
سِلَاح • (silāḥ) m (plural أَسْلِحَة (ʔasliḥa))
- weapon, arm
- 2020 December 10, Al Jazeera[1], archived from the original on 4 January 2021:
- مَدَّدَتِ ٱلْحُكُومَةُ ٱلْأَلْمَانِيَّةُ […] ٱلْحَظْرَ ٱلْمَفْرُوضَ عَلَى تَصْدِيرِ ٱلْأَسْلِحَةِ لِلْمَمْلَكَةِ ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةِ ٱلسَّعُودِيَّةِ حَتَّى نِهَايَةِ عَامِ 2021، وَذَٰلِكَ لِلْخَوْفِ مِنِ ٱسْتِخْدَامِ ٱلسِّلَاحِ فِي ٱلْحَرْبِ ٱلَّتِي تَقُودُهَا ٱلْمَمْلَكَةُ فِي ٱلْيَمَنِ.
- maddadati l-ḥukūmatu l-ʔalmāniyyatu […] l-ḥaẓra l-mafrūḍa ʕalā taṣdīri l-ʔasliḥati lilmamlakati l-ʕarabiyyati s-saʕūdiyyati ḥattā nihāyati ʕāmi 2021, waḏālika lilḵawfi mini stiḵdāmi s-silāḥi fī l-ḥarbi llatī taqūduhā l-mamlakatu fī l-yamani.
- The German government has decided to extend the ban on exporting weapons to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia till the end of 2021, fearing the weapons’ use in the war the Kingdom wages in Yemen.
- branch of the armed forces
- armor
- steel claw
- plowshare
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | سِلَاح silāḥ |
السِّلَاح as-silāḥ |
سِلَاح silāḥ |
| nominative | سِلَاحٌ silāḥun |
السِّلَاحُ as-silāḥu |
سِلَاحُ silāḥu |
| accusative | سِلَاحًا silāḥan |
السِّلَاحَ as-silāḥa |
سِلَاحَ silāḥa |
| genitive | سِلَاحٍ silāḥin |
السِّلَاحِ as-silāḥi |
سِلَاحِ silāḥi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | سِلَاحَيْن silāḥayn |
السِّلَاحَيْن as-silāḥayn |
سِلَاحَيْ silāḥay |
| nominative | سِلَاحَانِ silāḥāni |
السِّلَاحَانِ as-silāḥāni |
سِلَاحَا silāḥā |
| accusative | سِلَاحَيْنِ silāḥayni |
السِّلَاحَيْنِ as-silāḥayni |
سِلَاحَيْ silāḥay |
| genitive | سِلَاحَيْنِ silāḥayni |
السِّلَاحَيْنِ as-silāḥayni |
سِلَاحَيْ silāḥay |
| plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | أَسْلِحَة ʔasliḥa |
الْأَسْلِحَة al-ʔasliḥa |
أَسْلِحَة ʔasliḥat |
| nominative | أَسْلِحَةٌ ʔasliḥatun |
الْأَسْلِحَةُ al-ʔasliḥatu |
أَسْلِحَةُ ʔasliḥatu |
| accusative | أَسْلِحَةً ʔasliḥatan |
الْأَسْلِحَةَ al-ʔasliḥata |
أَسْلِحَةَ ʔasliḥata |
| genitive | أَسْلِحَةٍ ʔasliḥatin |
الْأَسْلِحَةِ al-ʔasliḥati |
أَسْلِحَةِ ʔasliḥati |
Descendants
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic سِلَاح (silāḥ, “weapon”).
Noun
سلاح • (silâh) (definite accusative سلاحی (silâhı), plural اسلحه (eslihâ))
- weapon, arm, an instrument of attack or defense in combat or hunting, e.g. most guns, missiles, or swords
- Synonyms: یات (yat), ياراق (yarak)
Derived terms
- سلاح آتمق (silâh atmak, “to shoot, to fire”)
- سلاح انداز (silâh endâz, “musketeer”)
- سلاح بدست (silâh bedest, “at gunpoint”)
- سلاح صارلمق (silâh sarılmak, “to take up arms”)
- سلاحخانه (silâhhâne, “armory”)
- سلاحدار (silâhdâr, “sword-bearer, esquire”)
- سلاحشور (silâhşor, “warrior”)
- سلاحلانمق (silâhlanmak, “to take up arms”)
- سلاحلی (silâhlı, “armed”)
- سلاحه طاورانمق (silâha davranmak, “to prepare to use a weapon”)
- سلاحی ییقمق (silâhı yıkmak, “to destroy weapons”)
Descendants
- Turkish: silah
- → Albanian: silah
- → Armenian: սիլահ (silah), սիլախ (silax)
- → Aromanian: sileahe, sileafe, șileahe, cileahe
- → Crimean Tatar: silâ
- → Bulgarian: силя́х (siljáh)
- → Greek: σιλάχι (siláchi)
- → Romanian: sileah, sileaf, seleaf
- → Serbo-Croatian: sìlāh / сѝла̄х
Further reading
click to expand
- Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “سلاح”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 90
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “silah”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4236
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “silâh”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1142
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سلاح”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 687
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Arma”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 84
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سلاح”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 2647
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “silah”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “sileáhe”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot][6], put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 174
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سلاح”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[7], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1069
Persian
Alternative forms
- سلیح (selêh) (archaic)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Persian سلاح
Borrowed from Arabic سِلَاح (silāḥ).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /si.ˈlaːh/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [sɪ.lɑːʱ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [se.lɒːʱ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [si.lɔʱ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | silāh |
| Dari reading? | silāh |
| Iranian reading? | selâh |
| Tajik reading? | siloh |
Noun
سِلاح • (selâh) (plural سلاح‌ها (selâh-hâ), or اسلحه (aslahe))
Descendants
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian سِلَاح (silāh), borrowed from Arabic سِلَاح (silāḥ).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /sɪ.lɑː/
Noun
سِلاح • (silāh) f (formal plural اسلحہ, Hindi spelling सिला)