طحال
Arabic
Etymology
From Proto-Semitic *ṭiḥāl-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tˤi.ħaːl/
Noun
طِحَال • (ṭiḥāl) m (plural طِحَالَات (ṭiḥālāt) or أَطْحِلَة (ʔaṭḥila) or طُحُل (ṭuḥul))
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | طِحَال ṭiḥāl |
الطِّحَال aṭ-ṭiḥāl |
طِحَال ṭiḥāl |
| nominative | طِحَالٌ ṭiḥālun |
الطِّحَالُ aṭ-ṭiḥālu |
طِحَالُ ṭiḥālu |
| accusative | طِحَالًا ṭiḥālan |
الطِّحَالَ aṭ-ṭiḥāla |
طِحَالَ ṭiḥāla |
| genitive | طِحَالٍ ṭiḥālin |
الطِّحَالِ aṭ-ṭiḥāli |
طِحَالِ ṭiḥāli |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | طِحَالَيْن ṭiḥālayn |
الطِّحَالَيْن aṭ-ṭiḥālayn |
طِحَالَيْ ṭiḥālay |
| nominative | طِحَالَانِ ṭiḥālāni |
الطِّحَالَانِ aṭ-ṭiḥālāni |
طِحَالَا ṭiḥālā |
| accusative | طِحَالَيْنِ ṭiḥālayni |
الطِّحَالَيْنِ aṭ-ṭiḥālayni |
طِحَالَيْ ṭiḥālay |
| genitive | طِحَالَيْنِ ṭiḥālayni |
الطِّحَالَيْنِ aṭ-ṭiḥālayni |
طِحَالَيْ ṭiḥālay |
| plural | sound feminine plural; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | طِحَالَات; أَطْحِلَة; طُحُل ṭiḥālāt; ʔaṭḥila; ṭuḥul |
الطِّحَالَات; الْأَطْحِلَة; الطُّحُل aṭ-ṭiḥālāt; al-ʔaṭḥila; aṭ-ṭuḥul |
طِحَالَات; أَطْحِلَة; طُحُل ṭiḥālāt; ʔaṭḥilat; ṭuḥul |
| nominative | طِحَالَاتٌ; أَطْحِلَةٌ; طُحُلٌ ṭiḥālātun; ʔaṭḥilatun; ṭuḥulun |
الطِّحَالَاتُ; الْأَطْحِلَةُ; الطُّحُلُ aṭ-ṭiḥālātu; al-ʔaṭḥilatu; aṭ-ṭuḥulu |
طِحَالَاتُ; أَطْحِلَةُ; طُحُلُ ṭiḥālātu; ʔaṭḥilatu; ṭuḥulu |
| accusative | طِحَالَاتٍ; أَطْحِلَةً; طُحُلًا ṭiḥālātin; ʔaṭḥilatan; ṭuḥulan |
الطِّحَالَاتِ; الْأَطْحِلَةَ; الطُّحُلَ aṭ-ṭiḥālāti; al-ʔaṭḥilata; aṭ-ṭuḥula |
طِحَالَاتِ; أَطْحِلَةَ; طُحُلَ ṭiḥālāti; ʔaṭḥilata; ṭuḥula |
| genitive | طِحَالَاتٍ; أَطْحِلَةٍ; طُحُلٍ ṭiḥālātin; ʔaṭḥilatin; ṭuḥulin |
الطِّحَالَاتِ; الْأَطْحِلَةِ; الطُّحُلِ aṭ-ṭiḥālāti; al-ʔaṭḥilati; aṭ-ṭuḥuli |
طِحَالَاتِ; أَطْحِلَةِ; طُحُلِ ṭiḥālāti; ʔaṭḥilati; ṭuḥuli |
Derived terms
- أَطْحَل (ʔaṭḥal, “of ash-colour”)
- طُحْلَة (ṭuḥla, “ash-colour”)
- طُحْل (ṭuḥl, “dregs, lees”)
- طَحَلَ (ṭaḥala, “to hurt the spleen”)
- طَحِلَ (ṭaḥila, “to have the spleen large or to have pain therein; to be of ash colour; to be spleenful, to be angry; to become stinking by reason of black mud”)
Descendants
- → Gujarati: તિહાલ (tihāl)
- → Persian: طحال (tahâl)
- → Khalaj: tahâl
- → Ottoman Turkish: طحال (tıhal, tahal)
- Turkish: tıhal (obsolete)
Khalaj
Noun
طَحال (tahâl) (definite accusative طَحالؽ, plural طَحاللار)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | طحال | طحاللار |
| genitive | طحالؽݧ | طحاللارؽݧ |
| dative | طحالقا | طحاللارقا |
| definite accusative | طحالؽ | طحاللارؽ |
| locative | طحالچا | طحاللارچا |
| ablative | طحالدا | طحاللاردا |
| instrumental | طحاللا | طحاللارلا |
| equative | طحالوارا | طحاللاروارا |
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic طِحَال (ṭiḥāl, “spleen, milt”), itself from Proto-Semitic *ṭiḥāl- (“spleen, milt”).
Noun
طحال • (tıhal or tahal) (definite accusative طحالی (tıhalı, tahalı), plural طحاللر (tıhallar, tahallar))
- spleen, milt, a ductless, vascular gland located in the left upper abdomen which acts primarily as a blood filter
Derived terms
- التهاب طحال (iltihâb-ı tahal, “splenitis”)
- الم طحال (elem-i tahal, “splenalgia”)
- امراض طحال (emrâz-ı tahal, “splenopathy”)
- توصیف طحال (tâvsif-i tahal, “splenography”)
- خزع الطحال (hazʼ-ı tahal, “splenotomy”)
- طحالی (tıhalî, “splenic, lienal”)
- فتق طحال (fetk-ı tahal, “splenocele”)
Descendants
- Turkish: tıhal (obsolete)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “tıhal”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4800
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “tıhâl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1333
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “طحال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 800
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Lien”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 949
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “طحال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 3091
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “طحال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1234
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic طِحَال (ṭiḥāl).
Noun
طحال • (tahâl) (plural طحالها, or طحل (tohol))
Descendants
- → Khalaj: tahâl
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
طحال • (ṭḥāl) m