عفص

Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed into Arabic from Aramaic עַפְצָא (ʿap̄ṣā) / ܥܱܦܨܳܐ (ʿap̄ṣā), absolute state עֲפֶץ (ʿap̄eṣ), itself treated as a later variant of אַפְצָא (ʾap̄ṣā) / ܐܱܦܨܳܐ (ʾap̄ṣā), absolute state אֲפֶץ (ʾap̄eṣ). The Arabic verbs are denominal, from the use of the idea of oakgalls being a powerful astringent, used in medicine and tanning. Arabic عَصَفَ (ʕaṣafa, to hit on; to blow violently) is metathetical to this denominal verb with its ideas of violence and after the inflation of an oakgall. Distantly related to the root ع ص ر (ʕ ṣ r) which also exists in Aramaic.

Noun

عَفْص • (ʕafṣm (collective, singulative عَفْصَة f (ʕafṣa))

  1. gall-nut, oak-gall
    Coordinate term: تَاكُوت (tākūt)
  2. gall-oak (Quercus lusitanica and other species)

Declension

Declension of noun عَفْص (ʕafṣ)
collective basic collective triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal عَفْص
ʕafṣ
الْعَفْص
al-ʕafṣ
عَفْص
ʕafṣ
nominative عَفْصٌ
ʕafṣun
الْعَفْصُ
al-ʕafṣu
عَفْصُ
ʕafṣu
accusative عَفْصًا
ʕafṣan
الْعَفْصَ
al-ʕafṣa
عَفْصَ
ʕafṣa
genitive عَفْصٍ
ʕafṣin
الْعَفْصِ
al-ʕafṣi
عَفْصِ
ʕafṣi
singulative singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
indefinite definite construct
informal عَفْصَة
ʕafṣa
الْعَفْصَة
al-ʕafṣa
عَفْصَة
ʕafṣat
nominative عَفْصَةٌ
ʕafṣatun
الْعَفْصَةُ
al-ʕafṣatu
عَفْصَةُ
ʕafṣatu
accusative عَفْصَةً
ʕafṣatan
الْعَفْصَةَ
al-ʕafṣata
عَفْصَةَ
ʕafṣata
genitive عَفْصَةٍ
ʕafṣatin
الْعَفْصَةِ
al-ʕafṣati
عَفْصَةِ
ʕafṣati
dual indefinite definite construct
informal عَفْصَتَيْن
ʕafṣatayn
الْعَفْصَتَيْن
al-ʕafṣatayn
عَفْصَتَيْ
ʕafṣatay
nominative عَفْصَتَانِ
ʕafṣatāni
الْعَفْصَتَانِ
al-ʕafṣatāni
عَفْصَتَا
ʕafṣatā
accusative عَفْصَتَيْنِ
ʕafṣatayni
الْعَفْصَتَيْنِ
al-ʕafṣatayni
عَفْصَتَيْ
ʕafṣatay
genitive عَفْصَتَيْنِ
ʕafṣatayni
الْعَفْصَتَيْنِ
al-ʕafṣatayni
عَفْصَتَيْ
ʕafṣatay
paucal (3-10) sound feminine paucal
indefinite definite construct
informal عَفْصَات
ʕafṣāt
الْعَفْصَات
al-ʕafṣāt
عَفْصَات
ʕafṣāt
nominative عَفْصَاتٌ
ʕafṣātun
الْعَفْصَاتُ
al-ʕafṣātu
عَفْصَاتُ
ʕafṣātu
accusative عَفْصَاتٍ
ʕafṣātin
الْعَفْصَاتِ
al-ʕafṣāti
عَفْصَاتِ
ʕafṣāti
genitive عَفْصَاتٍ
ʕafṣātin
الْعَفْصَاتِ
al-ʕafṣāti
عَفْصَاتِ
ʕafṣāti

Descendants

  • Tigre: አፈስ (ʾäfäs)

Verb

عَفَصَ • (ʕafaṣa) I (non-past يَعْفِصُ (yaʕfiṣu), verbal noun عَفْص (ʕafṣ))

  1. to tie up, to wring, to squish
  2. to defeat in battle
  3. to rape, to sard forcefully

Conjugation

Conjugation of عَفَصَ (I, sound, a ~ i, full passive (?), verbal noun عَفْص)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
عَفْص
ʕafṣ
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
عَافِص
ʕāfiṣ
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَعْفُوص
maʕfūṣ
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m عَفَصْتُ
ʕafaṣtu
عَفَصْتَ
ʕafaṣta
عَفَصَ
ʕafaṣa
عَفَصْتُمَا
ʕafaṣtumā
عَفَصَا
ʕafaṣā
عَفَصْنَا
ʕafaṣnā
عَفَصْتُمْ
ʕafaṣtum
عَفَصُوا
ʕafaṣū
f عَفَصْتِ
ʕafaṣti
عَفَصَتْ
ʕafaṣat
عَفَصَتَا
ʕafaṣatā
عَفَصْتُنَّ
ʕafaṣtunna
عَفَصْنَ
ʕafaṣna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَعْفِصُ
ʔaʕfiṣu
تَعْفِصُ
taʕfiṣu
يَعْفِصُ
yaʕfiṣu
تَعْفِصَانِ
taʕfiṣāni
يَعْفِصَانِ
yaʕfiṣāni
نَعْفِصُ
naʕfiṣu
تَعْفِصُونَ
taʕfiṣūna
يَعْفِصُونَ
yaʕfiṣūna
f تَعْفِصِينَ
taʕfiṣīna
تَعْفِصُ
taʕfiṣu
تَعْفِصَانِ
taʕfiṣāni
تَعْفِصْنَ
taʕfiṣna
يَعْفِصْنَ
yaʕfiṣna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَعْفِصَ
ʔaʕfiṣa
تَعْفِصَ
taʕfiṣa
يَعْفِصَ
yaʕfiṣa
تَعْفِصَا
taʕfiṣā
يَعْفِصَا
yaʕfiṣā
نَعْفِصَ
naʕfiṣa
تَعْفِصُوا
taʕfiṣū
يَعْفِصُوا
yaʕfiṣū
f تَعْفِصِي
taʕfiṣī
تَعْفِصَ
taʕfiṣa
تَعْفِصَا
taʕfiṣā
تَعْفِصْنَ
taʕfiṣna
يَعْفِصْنَ
yaʕfiṣna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَعْفِصْ
ʔaʕfiṣ
تَعْفِصْ
taʕfiṣ
يَعْفِصْ
yaʕfiṣ
تَعْفِصَا
taʕfiṣā
يَعْفِصَا
yaʕfiṣā
نَعْفِصْ
naʕfiṣ
تَعْفِصُوا
taʕfiṣū
يَعْفِصُوا
yaʕfiṣū
f تَعْفِصِي
taʕfiṣī
تَعْفِصْ
taʕfiṣ
تَعْفِصَا
taʕfiṣā
تَعْفِصْنَ
taʕfiṣna
يَعْفِصْنَ
yaʕfiṣna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m اِعْفِصْ
iʕfiṣ
اِعْفِصَا
iʕfiṣā
اِعْفِصُوا
iʕfiṣū
f اِعْفِصِي
iʕfiṣī
اِعْفِصْنَ
iʕfiṣna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m عُفِصْتُ
ʕufiṣtu
عُفِصْتَ
ʕufiṣta
عُفِصَ
ʕufiṣa
عُفِصْتُمَا
ʕufiṣtumā
عُفِصَا
ʕufiṣā
عُفِصْنَا
ʕufiṣnā
عُفِصْتُمْ
ʕufiṣtum
عُفِصُوا
ʕufiṣū
f عُفِصْتِ
ʕufiṣti
عُفِصَتْ
ʕufiṣat
عُفِصَتَا
ʕufiṣatā
عُفِصْتُنَّ
ʕufiṣtunna
عُفِصْنَ
ʕufiṣna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُعْفَصُ
ʔuʕfaṣu
تُعْفَصُ
tuʕfaṣu
يُعْفَصُ
yuʕfaṣu
تُعْفَصَانِ
tuʕfaṣāni
يُعْفَصَانِ
yuʕfaṣāni
نُعْفَصُ
nuʕfaṣu
تُعْفَصُونَ
tuʕfaṣūna
يُعْفَصُونَ
yuʕfaṣūna
f تُعْفَصِينَ
tuʕfaṣīna
تُعْفَصُ
tuʕfaṣu
تُعْفَصَانِ
tuʕfaṣāni
تُعْفَصْنَ
tuʕfaṣna
يُعْفَصْنَ
yuʕfaṣna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُعْفَصَ
ʔuʕfaṣa
تُعْفَصَ
tuʕfaṣa
يُعْفَصَ
yuʕfaṣa
تُعْفَصَا
tuʕfaṣā
يُعْفَصَا
yuʕfaṣā
نُعْفَصَ
nuʕfaṣa
تُعْفَصُوا
tuʕfaṣū
يُعْفَصُوا
yuʕfaṣū
f تُعْفَصِي
tuʕfaṣī
تُعْفَصَ
tuʕfaṣa
تُعْفَصَا
tuʕfaṣā
تُعْفَصْنَ
tuʕfaṣna
يُعْفَصْنَ
yuʕfaṣna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُعْفَصْ
ʔuʕfaṣ
تُعْفَصْ
tuʕfaṣ
يُعْفَصْ
yuʕfaṣ
تُعْفَصَا
tuʕfaṣā
يُعْفَصَا
yuʕfaṣā
نُعْفَصْ
nuʕfaṣ
تُعْفَصُوا
tuʕfaṣū
يُعْفَصُوا
yuʕfaṣū
f تُعْفَصِي
tuʕfaṣī
تُعْفَصْ
tuʕfaṣ
تُعْفَصَا
tuʕfaṣā
تُعْفَصْنَ
tuʕfaṣna
يُعْفَصْنَ
yuʕfaṣna

Verb

عَفَّصَ • (ʕaffaṣa) II (non-past يُعَفِّصُ (yuʕaffiṣu), verbal noun تَعْفِيص (taʕfīṣ))

  1. to tincture with oakgall

Conjugation

Conjugation of عَفَّصَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَعْفِيص)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
تَعْفِيص
taʕfīṣ
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
مُعَفِّص
muʕaffiṣ
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مُعَفَّص
muʕaffaṣ
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m عَفَّصْتُ
ʕaffaṣtu
عَفَّصْتَ
ʕaffaṣta
عَفَّصَ
ʕaffaṣa
عَفَّصْتُمَا
ʕaffaṣtumā
عَفَّصَا
ʕaffaṣā
عَفَّصْنَا
ʕaffaṣnā
عَفَّصْتُمْ
ʕaffaṣtum
عَفَّصُوا
ʕaffaṣū
f عَفَّصْتِ
ʕaffaṣti
عَفَّصَتْ
ʕaffaṣat
عَفَّصَتَا
ʕaffaṣatā
عَفَّصْتُنَّ
ʕaffaṣtunna
عَفَّصْنَ
ʕaffaṣna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُعَفِّصُ
ʔuʕaffiṣu
تُعَفِّصُ
tuʕaffiṣu
يُعَفِّصُ
yuʕaffiṣu
تُعَفِّصَانِ
tuʕaffiṣāni
يُعَفِّصَانِ
yuʕaffiṣāni
نُعَفِّصُ
nuʕaffiṣu
تُعَفِّصُونَ
tuʕaffiṣūna
يُعَفِّصُونَ
yuʕaffiṣūna
f تُعَفِّصِينَ
tuʕaffiṣīna
تُعَفِّصُ
tuʕaffiṣu
تُعَفِّصَانِ
tuʕaffiṣāni
تُعَفِّصْنَ
tuʕaffiṣna
يُعَفِّصْنَ
yuʕaffiṣna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُعَفِّصَ
ʔuʕaffiṣa
تُعَفِّصَ
tuʕaffiṣa
يُعَفِّصَ
yuʕaffiṣa
تُعَفِّصَا
tuʕaffiṣā
يُعَفِّصَا
yuʕaffiṣā
نُعَفِّصَ
nuʕaffiṣa
تُعَفِّصُوا
tuʕaffiṣū
يُعَفِّصُوا
yuʕaffiṣū
f تُعَفِّصِي
tuʕaffiṣī
تُعَفِّصَ
tuʕaffiṣa
تُعَفِّصَا
tuʕaffiṣā
تُعَفِّصْنَ
tuʕaffiṣna
يُعَفِّصْنَ
yuʕaffiṣna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُعَفِّصْ
ʔuʕaffiṣ
تُعَفِّصْ
tuʕaffiṣ
يُعَفِّصْ
yuʕaffiṣ
تُعَفِّصَا
tuʕaffiṣā
يُعَفِّصَا
yuʕaffiṣā
نُعَفِّصْ
nuʕaffiṣ
تُعَفِّصُوا
tuʕaffiṣū
يُعَفِّصُوا
yuʕaffiṣū
f تُعَفِّصِي
tuʕaffiṣī
تُعَفِّصْ
tuʕaffiṣ
تُعَفِّصَا
tuʕaffiṣā
تُعَفِّصْنَ
tuʕaffiṣna
يُعَفِّصْنَ
yuʕaffiṣna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m عَفِّصْ
ʕaffiṣ
عَفِّصَا
ʕaffiṣā
عَفِّصُوا
ʕaffiṣū
f عَفِّصِي
ʕaffiṣī
عَفِّصْنَ
ʕaffiṣna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m عُفِّصْتُ
ʕuffiṣtu
عُفِّصْتَ
ʕuffiṣta
عُفِّصَ
ʕuffiṣa
عُفِّصْتُمَا
ʕuffiṣtumā
عُفِّصَا
ʕuffiṣā
عُفِّصْنَا
ʕuffiṣnā
عُفِّصْتُمْ
ʕuffiṣtum
عُفِّصُوا
ʕuffiṣū
f عُفِّصْتِ
ʕuffiṣti
عُفِّصَتْ
ʕuffiṣat
عُفِّصَتَا
ʕuffiṣatā
عُفِّصْتُنَّ
ʕuffiṣtunna
عُفِّصْنَ
ʕuffiṣna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُعَفَّصُ
ʔuʕaffaṣu
تُعَفَّصُ
tuʕaffaṣu
يُعَفَّصُ
yuʕaffaṣu
تُعَفَّصَانِ
tuʕaffaṣāni
يُعَفَّصَانِ
yuʕaffaṣāni
نُعَفَّصُ
nuʕaffaṣu
تُعَفَّصُونَ
tuʕaffaṣūna
يُعَفَّصُونَ
yuʕaffaṣūna
f تُعَفَّصِينَ
tuʕaffaṣīna
تُعَفَّصُ
tuʕaffaṣu
تُعَفَّصَانِ
tuʕaffaṣāni
تُعَفَّصْنَ
tuʕaffaṣna
يُعَفَّصْنَ
yuʕaffaṣna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُعَفَّصَ
ʔuʕaffaṣa
تُعَفَّصَ
tuʕaffaṣa
يُعَفَّصَ
yuʕaffaṣa
تُعَفَّصَا
tuʕaffaṣā
يُعَفَّصَا
yuʕaffaṣā
نُعَفَّصَ
nuʕaffaṣa
تُعَفَّصُوا
tuʕaffaṣū
يُعَفَّصُوا
yuʕaffaṣū
f تُعَفَّصِي
tuʕaffaṣī
تُعَفَّصَ
tuʕaffaṣa
تُعَفَّصَا
tuʕaffaṣā
تُعَفَّصْنَ
tuʕaffaṣna
يُعَفَّصْنَ
yuʕaffaṣna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُعَفَّصْ
ʔuʕaffaṣ
تُعَفَّصْ
tuʕaffaṣ
يُعَفَّصْ
yuʕaffaṣ
تُعَفَّصَا
tuʕaffaṣā
يُعَفَّصَا
yuʕaffaṣā
نُعَفَّصْ
nuʕaffaṣ
تُعَفَّصُوا
tuʕaffaṣū
يُعَفَّصُوا
yuʕaffaṣū
f تُعَفَّصِي
tuʕaffaṣī
تُعَفَّصْ
tuʕaffaṣ
تُعَفَّصَا
tuʕaffaṣā
تُعَفَّصْنَ
tuʕaffaṣna
يُعَفَّصْنَ
yuʕaffaṣna

Adjective

عَفِص • (ʕafiṣ)

  1. acrid, of astringent taste

Declension

Declension of adjective عَفِص (ʕafiṣ)
singular masculine feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
indefinite definite indefinite definite
informal عَفِص
ʕafiṣ
الْعَفِص
al-ʕafiṣ
عَفِصَة
ʕafiṣa
الْعَفِصَة
al-ʕafiṣa
nominative عَفِصٌ
ʕafiṣun
الْعَفِصُ
al-ʕafiṣu
عَفِصَةٌ
ʕafiṣatun
الْعَفِصَةُ
al-ʕafiṣatu
accusative عَفِصًا
ʕafiṣan
الْعَفِصَ
al-ʕafiṣa
عَفِصَةً
ʕafiṣatan
الْعَفِصَةَ
al-ʕafiṣata
genitive عَفِصٍ
ʕafiṣin
الْعَفِصِ
al-ʕafiṣi
عَفِصَةٍ
ʕafiṣatin
الْعَفِصَةِ
al-ʕafiṣati
dual masculine feminine
indefinite definite indefinite definite
informal عَفِصَيْن
ʕafiṣayn
الْعَفِصَيْن
al-ʕafiṣayn
عَفِصَتَيْن
ʕafiṣatayn
الْعَفِصَتَيْن
al-ʕafiṣatayn
nominative عَفِصَانِ
ʕafiṣāni
الْعَفِصَانِ
al-ʕafiṣāni
عَفِصَتَانِ
ʕafiṣatāni
الْعَفِصَتَانِ
al-ʕafiṣatāni
accusative عَفِصَيْنِ
ʕafiṣayni
الْعَفِصَيْنِ
al-ʕafiṣayni
عَفِصَتَيْنِ
ʕafiṣatayni
الْعَفِصَتَيْنِ
al-ʕafiṣatayni
genitive عَفِصَيْنِ
ʕafiṣayni
الْعَفِصَيْنِ
al-ʕafiṣayni
عَفِصَتَيْنِ
ʕafiṣatayni
الْعَفِصَتَيْنِ
al-ʕafiṣatayni
plural masculine feminine
plural unknown sound feminine plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
informal ? ? عَفِصَات
ʕafiṣāt
الْعَفِصَات
al-ʕafiṣāt
nominative ? ? عَفِصَاتٌ
ʕafiṣātun
الْعَفِصَاتُ
al-ʕafiṣātu
accusative ? ? عَفِصَاتٍ
ʕafiṣātin
الْعَفِصَاتِ
al-ʕafiṣāti
genitive ? ? عَفِصَاتٍ
ʕafiṣātin
الْعَفِصَاتِ
al-ʕafiṣāti

References

  • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 876
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “عفص”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 185a–b
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “عفص”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 299b–300a
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “عفص”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 731a

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ع ف ص
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic عَفَصَ (ʕafaṣa, to compress, to squeeze).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕaf.fasˤ/

Verb

عفص • (ʕaffaṣ) II (non-past يِعَفِّص (yiʕaffiṣ))

  1. to squish, to squash
    Synonym: فَعَّص (faʕʕaṣ)
    ليش عَفَّصْتْ المخدّة؟lēš ʕaffaṣt almaḵadda?why did you squish the pillow?

Conjugation

Conjugation of عفص
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m عفصت (ʕaffaṣt) عفصت (ʕaffaṣt) عفص (ʕaffaṣ) عفصنا (ʕaffaṣna) عفصتوا (ʕaffaṣtu) عفصوا (ʕaffaṣu)
f عفصتي (ʕaffaṣti) عفصت (ʕaffaṣat)
non-past m أعفص (ʔaʕaffiṣ) تعفص (tiʕaffiṣ) يعفص (yiʕaffiṣ) نعفص (niʕaffiṣ) تعفصوا (tiʕaffiṣu) يعفصوا (yiʕaffiṣu)
f تعفصي (tiʕaffiṣi) تعفص (tiʕaffiṣ)
imperative m عفص (ʕaffiṣ) عفصوا (ʕaffiṣu)
f عفصي (ʕaffiṣi)

See also