غراب
See also: عزاب
Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| غ ر ب (ḡ r b) |
| 16 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɣu.raːb/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Semitic *ḡurayb- (“crow, raven”). Compare Hebrew עוֹרֵב / עֹרֵב ('orév), Aramaic עורבא (ʿurbaʾ).
Noun
غُرَاب • (ḡurāb) m (plural غِرْبَان (ḡirbān) or أَغْرُب (ʔaḡrub) or أَغْرِبَة (ʔaḡriba) or غُرْب (ḡurb) or غَرَابِين (ḡarābīn))
- crow, raven
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:31:
- فَبَعَثَ ٱللَّهُ غُرَابٗا يَبۡحَثُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡض لِيُرِيَهُۥ كَيۡفَ يُوَٰرِي سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيهِۚ قَالَ يَٰوَيۡلَتَىٰٓ أَعَجَزۡتُ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِثۡلَ هَٰذَا ٱلۡغُرَابِ فَأُوَٰرِيَ سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيۖ فَأَصۡبَحَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰدِمِينَ.
- Then Allah sent a raven scratching up the ground, to show him how to hide his brother's naked corpse. He said: "Woe unto me! Am I not able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse? And he became repentant.
- a ship, corvet, sloop
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | غُرَاب ḡurāb |
الْغُرَاب al-ḡurāb |
غُرَاب ḡurāb |
| nominative | غُرَابٌ ḡurābun |
الْغُرَابُ al-ḡurābu |
غُرَابُ ḡurābu |
| accusative | غُرَابًا ḡurāban |
الْغُرَابَ al-ḡurāba |
غُرَابَ ḡurāba |
| genitive | غُرَابٍ ḡurābin |
الْغُرَابِ al-ḡurābi |
غُرَابِ ḡurābi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | غُرَابَيْن ḡurābayn |
الْغُرَابَيْن al-ḡurābayn |
غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay |
| nominative | غُرَابَانِ ḡurābāni |
الْغُرَابَانِ al-ḡurābāni |
غُرَابَا ḡurābā |
| accusative | غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni |
الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni |
غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay |
| genitive | غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni |
الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni |
غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay |
| plural | basic broken plural triptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | غِرْبَان; أَغْرُب; أَغْرِبَة; غُرْب; غَرَابِين ḡirbān; ʔaḡrub; ʔaḡriba; ḡurb; ḡarābīn |
الْغِرْبَان; الْأَغْرُب; الْأَغْرِبَة; الْغُرْب; الْغَرَابِين al-ḡirbān; al-ʔaḡrub; al-ʔaḡriba; al-ḡurb; al-ḡarābīn |
غِرْبَان; أَغْرُب; أَغْرِبَة; غُرْب; غَرَابِين ḡirbān; ʔaḡrub; ʔaḡribat; ḡurb; ḡarābīn |
| nominative | غِرْبَانٌ; أَغْرُبٌ; أَغْرِبَةٌ; غُرْبٌ; غَرَابِينُ ḡirbānun; ʔaḡrubun; ʔaḡribatun; ḡurbun; ḡarābīnu |
الْغِرْبَانُ; الْأَغْرُبُ; الْأَغْرِبَةُ; الْغُرْبُ; الْغَرَابِينُ al-ḡirbānu; al-ʔaḡrubu; al-ʔaḡribatu; al-ḡurbu; al-ḡarābīnu |
غِرْبَانُ; أَغْرُبُ; أَغْرِبَةُ; غُرْبُ; غَرَابِينُ ḡirbānu; ʔaḡrubu; ʔaḡribatu; ḡurbu; ḡarābīnu |
| accusative | غِرْبَانًا; أَغْرُبًا; أَغْرِبَةً; غُرْبًا; غَرَابِينَ ḡirbānan; ʔaḡruban; ʔaḡribatan; ḡurban; ḡarābīna |
الْغِرْبَانَ; الْأَغْرُبَ; الْأَغْرِبَةَ; الْغُرْبَ; الْغَرَابِينَ al-ḡirbāna; al-ʔaḡruba; al-ʔaḡribata; al-ḡurba; al-ḡarābīna |
غِرْبَانَ; أَغْرُبَ; أَغْرِبَةَ; غُرْبَ; غَرَابِينَ ḡirbāna; ʔaḡruba; ʔaḡribata; ḡurba; ḡarābīna |
| genitive | غِرْبَانٍ; أَغْرُبٍ; أَغْرِبَةٍ; غُرْبٍ; غَرَابِينَ ḡirbānin; ʔaḡrubin; ʔaḡribatin; ḡurbin; ḡarābīna |
الْغِرْبَانِ; الْأَغْرُبِ; الْأَغْرِبَةِ; الْغُرْبِ; الْغَرَابِينِ al-ḡirbāni; al-ʔaḡrubi; al-ʔaḡribati; al-ḡurbi; al-ḡarābīni |
غِرْبَانِ; أَغْرُبِ; أَغْرِبَةِ; غُرْبِ; غَرَابِينِ ḡirbāni; ʔaḡrubi; ʔaḡribati; ḡurbi; ḡarābīni |
Descendants
- Maltese: għorab, għarab
- Moroccan Arabic: غراب (ḡrāb)
- → Ottoman Turkish: غراب (gurab)
- → South Levantine Arabic: غراب (ḡurāb) (learned)
Etymology 2
Noun
غُرَاب • (ḡurāb) m (plural أَغْرِبَة (ʔaḡriba))
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | غُرَاب ḡurāb |
الْغُرَاب al-ḡurāb |
غُرَاب ḡurāb |
| nominative | غُرَابٌ ḡurābun |
الْغُرَابُ al-ḡurābu |
غُرَابُ ḡurābu |
| accusative | غُرَابًا ḡurāban |
الْغُرَابَ al-ḡurāba |
غُرَابَ ḡurāba |
| genitive | غُرَابٍ ḡurābin |
الْغُرَابِ al-ḡurābi |
غُرَابِ ḡurābi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | غُرَابَيْن ḡurābayn |
الْغُرَابَيْن al-ḡurābayn |
غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay |
| nominative | غُرَابَانِ ḡurābāni |
الْغُرَابَانِ al-ḡurābāni |
غُرَابَا ḡurābā |
| accusative | غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni |
الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni |
غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay |
| genitive | غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni |
الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni |
غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay |
| plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | أَغْرِبَة ʔaḡriba |
الْأَغْرِبَة al-ʔaḡriba |
أَغْرِبَة ʔaḡribat |
| nominative | أَغْرِبَةٌ ʔaḡribatun |
الْأَغْرِبَةُ al-ʔaḡribatu |
أَغْرِبَةُ ʔaḡribatu |
| accusative | أَغْرِبَةً ʔaḡribatan |
الْأَغْرِبَةَ al-ʔaḡribata |
أَغْرِبَةَ ʔaḡribata |
| genitive | أَغْرِبَةٍ ʔaḡribatin |
الْأَغْرِبَةِ al-ʔaḡribati |
أَغْرِبَةِ ʔaḡribati |
Malay
Verb
غراب
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic غُرَاب (ḡurāb, “crow, raven”).
Noun
غراب • (gurab) (plural غربان (girban))
- crow, any bird in the genus Corvus
- Synonym: قارغه (karga)
- (astronomy) Corvus, a constellation of the southern sky
- edge, the cutting side of the blade of a weapon
- the projecting edge of the hip bone of a beast
- kind of ship, like a corvet or sloop
Derived terms
- غراب آیاغی (gurab ayağı, “kind of plantain”)
- غراب ابقع (gurab-ı ebkaʿ, “magpie”)
- غراب اسود (gurab-ı esved, “raven”)
- غراب البین (gurabü'l beyn, “rook”)
- غراب زمین (gurab-ı zemin, “darkness”)
- غراب نوح (gurab-ı nuh, “Noah's ark”)
- غرابی (gurabi, “coracoid”)
- غرابیه (gurabiye, “corvid”)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “gurab1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1782
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “غراب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 870
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cornix”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[2], Vienna, column 289
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “غراب”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[3], Vienna, column 3386
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “غراب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1338
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Arabic غُرَاب (ḡurāb).
Noun
غراب • (ḡurāb) m