ـان

ـان (ān)

1. (grammar) indefinite plural suffix morpheme

Chiefly used in the Gewrejuy and Hewramī dialects .

ـان

1. Jawi spelling of -an.‎‎

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭭 (-ān). Compare Pashto ـونه (-ona), Northern Luri ـۆ(ن) (-ø(n)).

ـان • (-ân)

1. suffix forming the plural of nouns, chiefly animate ones

   Hypernym: ها (-hâ, possible for any noun)

• In the formal standard language, -ân is usable with almost all words for persons and many animal names. It is also employed with a limited number of inanimate nouns, e.g. چشمان (češmân, “eyes”), سخنان (soxanân, “words”). In pre-modern or poetic texts it is used more freely. In the contemporary Iranian vernacular, on the other hand, the suffix is rare and only a handful of words are common, e.g. آقایان (âqâyân, “misters”), عزیزان ('azizân, “dear ones, friends”).
• The suffix becomes گان (-gân) after a native word in silent ه (-e), and یان (-yân) after و (-u) or ا (-a).

ـان • (-ân)

1. suffix attached to the present stem of verbs to derive adjectives

   ‎خند (xand-, present stem of خندیدن (xandidan, “to laugh”)) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎خندان (xandân, “laughing”)

   ‎گری (gery-, present stem of گریستن (geristan, “to cry”)) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎گریان (geryân, “weeping”)

   ‎رو (rav-, present stem of رفتن (raftan, “to go”)) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎روان (ravân, “flowing”)

Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠-ān⁠/, suffix forming patronymics and toponyms), from Old Iranian *-āna.^[1]

ـان • (-ân)

1. suffix forming toponyms

   Synonym: ـستان (-estân)

   ‎گرگ (gorg, “wolf”) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎گرگان (gorgân, “Gorgan”)

   ‎بدخش (badaxš, “bidaxsh”) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎بدخشان (badaxšân, “Badakhshan”)

   ‎زاهد (zâhed, “ascetic”) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎زاهدان (zâhedân, “Zahedan”)

   ‎مکر (makr, “Macian, Mykian”) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎مکران (makrân, “Makran”)

   ‎گیل (gil, “Gelae, Gilaki”) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎گیلان (gilân, “Gilan”)

   ‎تور (tur, “Turanian; Tur”) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎توران (turân, “Turan”)

Inherited from Sanskrit -इनी (-inī), feminine of -इन् (-in, possessive suffix).

ـاِن • (-in) f (Hindi spelling -इन)

1. forms feminine equivalents

   ‎ناتی (nātī, “grandson”) + ‎ـان → ‎ناتِن (nātin)

   ‎ناگ (nāg, “snake”) + ‎ـان → ‎ناگِن (nāgin)