میدان
See also: ميدان
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian میدان (meydān, “square, plaza”), from Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān, “square”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *mádyanah (“middle”).
Noun
میدان • (meydan) (definite accusative میدانی (meydanı), plural میادین (meyadin))
- square, plaza, any open space or park often containing trees, seating and other features
- (figurative, in dative or locative) in the open, in public, common knowledge
- 1914 May 29, “روسیه‌نك شرق سیاستی [Russia's eastern diplomacy]”, in Peyam, page 1:
- بوكا دلیل ایسترسه‌كز مشارالیهك نطقنده بالقان محاربلرینه دائر ویرمش اولدیغی نصیحت میدانده‌در.
- Buna delil isterseniz müşarun ileyhin nutukunda Balkan muharebelerine dair vermiş olduğu nasihat meydandadır.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms
- آت میدانی (at meydanı, “racecourse”)
- میدان آرامق (meydan aramak, “to seek an opportunity”)
- میدان آلمق (meydan almak, “to get a good start”)
- میدان اوقومق (meydan okumak, “to provoke”)
- میدان بولمق (meydan bolmak, “to find space”)
- میدان حرب (meydan-ı harb, “battlefield”)
- میدان سوپورگه‌سی (meydan süpürgesi, “broom, besom”)
- میدان گلمك (meydan gelmek, “to reach maturity”)
- میدانسز (meydansız, “narrow, confined”)
- میدانلو (meydanlı, “spacious, wide”)
- میدانه قویمق (meydana koymak, “to exhibit; to reveal”)
- میدانه چیقارمق (meydana çıkarmak, “to publish”)
- میدانه چیقمق (meydana çıkmak, “to come out into the open”)
- میدانگاه (meydangâh, “public square”)
Descendants
- Turkish: meydan
- → Albanian: mejdan
- → Aromanian: migdane, migdãni, miydane
- → Bulgarian: мегда́н (megdán)
- → Crimean Tatar: meydan
- → Czech: mejdan
- → Greek: μεϊντάνι (meïntáni)
- → Macedonian: мегдан (megdan)
- → Romanian: maidan
- → Serbo-Croatian: mègdān / мѐгда̄н, mèjdān / мѐјда̄н
- → Tatar: мәйдан (mäydan)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “meydan1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3184
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “meydân”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 762
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “میدان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1255
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Campus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 140
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “میدان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 5068
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “meydan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “میدان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2052
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān), itself an Iranian borrowing. Doublet of میان (miyân).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /maj.ˈdaːn/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [mäj.d̪ɑ́ːn]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [mej.d̪ɒ́ːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [mäj.d̪ɔ́n]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | maydān |
| Dari reading? | maydān |
| Iranian reading? | meydân |
| Tajik reading? | maydon |
Audio (Iran): (file)
Noun
میدان • (maydān / meydân) (plural میدان‌ها (maydān-hā / meydân-hâ), Tajik spelling майдон)
- plaza, square (of a town etc.)
- میدان آزادی ― meydân-e âzâdi ― Azadi Square
- field, plain
- battlefield; (metonymic) battle
- (mathematics, physics) field
- میدان مغناطیسی ― meydân-e maġnâtisi ― magnetic field
- (Sufism, uncommon) stage of the mystical path
- Synonym: (more common) منزل (manzel)
Descendants
- Tajik: майдон (maydon)
- → Uzbek: maydon
- → Assamese: ময়দান (moyodan)
- → Azerbaijani: meydan
- → Braj: मैदान (maidān)
- → Middle Bengali: ময়দান (moẏdan)
- Bengali: ময়দান (moẏdan)
- → Dhivehi: މައިޒާން (maizān̊)
- → Dogri: madān
- Devanagari script: मदान
- Dogra script: 𑠢𑠛𑠬𑠝
- → Georgian: მოედანი (moedani)
- → Gojri: میدان (maidān)
- → Gujarati: મેદાન (medān)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kannada: ಮೈದಾನ (maidāna)
- → Kashmiri: mạ̄dān
- → Kazakh: майдан (maidan)
- → Konkani:
- Devanagari script: मैदान (maidān)
- Kannada script: ಮಯ್ದಾನ್
- Latin script: moidan
- → Kumyk: майдан (maydan)
- → Lezgi: майдан (majdan)
- → Maithili: medān
- Devanagari script: मॆदान
- Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒺𑒠𑒰𑒢
- → Malayalam: മൈദാനം (maidānaṁ)
- → Malvi: मेदान (medān)
- → Marathi: maidān
- Devanagari script: मैदान
- Modi script: 𑘦𑘺𑘟𑘰𑘡
- → Marwari:
- Devanagari script: मैदान (maidān)
- Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅑𑅥𑅧 (midn)
- → Nepali: मैदान (maidān)
- → Ottoman Turkish: میدان (meydân)
- → Odia: ମଇଦାନ (maidāna)
- → Old Punjabi: ਮੈਦਾਨੁ (maidānu)
- → Sindhi: maidānu
- Arabic script: مَيدانُ
- Devanagari script: मैदानु
- Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋦𑋏𑋠𑋑𑋣
- → Telugu: మైదానము (maidānamu)
- → Ukrainian: майдан (majdan) (via a Turkic language)
- → Uyghur: مەيدان (meydan)
- → Uzbek: maydon
- → Khorezmian Turkic: ميدان (mäydan)
- → Zazaki: meydan
References
- Durkin, Philip (2004) “Loanword etymologies in the third edition of the OED: Some questions of classification”, in Christian J. Kay, Simon Horobin, Jeremy J. Smith, editors, New Perspectives on English Historical Linguistics: Selected papers from 12 ICEHL, Glasgow, 21–26 August 2002. Volume II: Lexis and Transmission (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory; 252), John Benjamins, →ISBN, page 83
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian میدان (maydān), from Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /mɛː.d̪ɑːn/
- Rhymes: -ɑːn
- Hyphenation: مَے‧دان
Noun
مَیدان • (maidān) m (Hindi spelling मैदान)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | مَیدان (maidān) | مَیدان (maidān) |
| oblique | مَیدان (maidān) | مَیدانوں (maidānõ) |
| vocative | مَیدان (maidān) | مَیدانو (maidāno) |
Further reading
- “میدان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “میدان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “میدان”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “میدان”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- S. W. Fallon (1879) “میدان”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
- John Shakespear (1834) “میدان”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC