هنگام

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hngʾm /⁠hangām⁠/, “time, occasion”); by surface analysis, هن (han, “alternative form of همـ (ham-, “co-”)”) +‎ گام (gām, “step”).[1] Akin to Old Armenian հանգամանք (hangamankʻ, “details, circumstances, way”), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? hangām
Dari reading? hangām
Iranian reading? hangâm, hengâm
Tajik reading? hangom

Noun

Dari هنگام
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҳангом

هنگام • (hangâm, hengâm)[2][3]

  1. moment, time, event
    در هنگامِ زلزله آرام بمانید
    dar hengam-e zelzele ârâm bemânid
    Stay calm in the event of an earthquake
    • 9th century, Firdowsi, Shahnameh
      به جامسپ گفت ار چنین است کار
      به هنگام رفتن سوی کارزار
      ba jâmasp guft ar čenin ast kâr
      ba hangâm-î raftan sôy-î kârzâr
  2. (rare) season
    • 11th century, Manuchehri
      هنگام بهار است و جهان چون بت فرخار
      خیز ای بت فرخار و بیار آن گل بی خار
      hangâm-î bahâr ast u jahân čun but-î farxâr, xêz ay but-î farxâr u beyâr ân gul-î be xâr

Derived terms

  • بهنگام (behengâm)
  • هنگامه (hengâme)
  • هنگامی که (hengâmi ke)
  • شباهنگام (šabâhengâm)

Descendants

  • → Gujarati: હંગામ (haṅgām)

References

  1. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 128
  2. ^ Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “هنگام”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
  3. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “hngʾm”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 42
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