پروانه

See also: پروانہ

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian plwʾnk' (parwānag, “guide, leader”). Compare (farâne), (farânak). For the sense “caracal”, see Iranica.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /paɾ.waː.ˈna/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.wɑː.nǽ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.wɑː.nǽ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.wɔː.nǽ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰæɹ.vɒː.né]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.vɔ.nǽ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	parwāna
Dari reading^?	parwāna
Iranian reading^?	parvâne
Tajik reading^?	parvona

Noun

پروانه • (parwāna / parvâne) (plural پروانه‌ها (parwāna-hā / parvâne-hâ), Tajik spelling парвона)

butterfly
moth
propeller
license (US) or licence, certificate, permission, permit
(literary) caracal, Persian lynx
(obsolete) guide, leader
Synonyms: رهبر (rahbar), راهنما (râhnamâ), دلیل (dalīl), قلاوز (qulâvuz)

Derived terms

پروانگی (parvânegi)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: pərvanə
→ Gujarati: પરવાનો (parvāno)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: परवाना (parvānā)

Urdu: پَرْوَانَہ (parvāna)
→ Ottoman Turkish: پروانه (pervāne)
- Turkish: pervane, Pervane
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਪਰਵਾਨਾ (parvānā)

Shahmukhi script: پروانہ (proānh)
→ Uyghur: پەرۋانە (perwane)
→ Uzbek: parvona

Proper noun

پروانه • (parwāna / parvâne) (Tajik spelling Парвона)

a female given name, Parvaneh or Parwana, from Middle Persian or Iranian Persian

References

^ Hūšang Aʿlam (1990-12-15) “Carcal”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 187
^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 212