अभ्यास

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /əbʱ.jɑːs/, [ɐbʱ.jäːs]

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyās) m (Urdu spelling ابھیاس)

practice, exercise
habit
Synonym: आदत (ādat)

Declension

Declension of *अभ्यास* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	अभ्यास abhyās	अभ्यास abhyās
oblique	अभ्यास abhyās	अभ्यासों abhyāsõ
vocative	अभ्यास abhyās	अभ्यासो abhyāso

Related terms

अभ्यस्त (abhyast)

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa), through Old Marathi 𑘀𑘥𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘭 (abhyāsa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /əbʱ.jas/

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyās) m

study, exercise, practice

Declension

Declension of अभ्यास (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	अभ्यास abhyās
direct plural	अभ्यास abhyās
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	अभ्यास abhyās	अभ्यास abhyās
oblique सामान्यरूप	अभ्यासा abhyāsā	अभ्यासां- abhyāsān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	अभ्यासाला abhyāsālā	अभ्यासांना abhyāsānnā
ergative	अभ्यासाने, अभ्यासानं abhyāsāne, abhyāsāna	अभ्यासांनी abhyāsānnī
instrumental	अभ्यासाशी abhyāsāśī	अभ्यासांशी abhyāsānśī
locative सप्तमी	अभ्यासात abhyāsāt	अभ्यासांत abhyāsāt
vocative संबोधन	अभ्यासा abhyāsā	अभ्यासांनो abhyāsānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of अभ्यास (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	अभ्यासाचा abhyāsāċā	अभ्यासाचे abhyāsāċe	अभ्यासाची abhyāsācī	अभ्यासाच्या abhyāsācā	अभ्यासाचे, अभ्यासाचं abhyāsāċe, abhyāsāċa	अभ्यासाची abhyāsācī	अभ्यासाच्या abhyāsācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	अभ्यासांचा abhyāsānċā	अभ्यासांचे abhyāsānċe	अभ्यासांची abhyāsāñcī	अभ्यासांच्या abhyāsāncā	अभ्यासांचे, अभ्यासांचं abhyāsānċe, abhyāsānċa	अभ्यासांची abhyāsāñcī	अभ्यासांच्या abhyāsāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

अभ्यासक्रम (abhyāskram, “syllabus, curriculum”)
अभ्यासिका (abhyāsikā, “study room”)
अभ्यासू (abhyāsū, “studious”)

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “अभ्यास”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “अभ्यास”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “अभ्यास”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa).

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyāsa) m

instruction, study

Descendants

Gujarati: અભ્યાસ (abhyās)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

অভ্যাস (Assamese script)
ᬅᬪ᭄ᬬᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
অভ্যাস (Bengali script)
𑰀𑰥𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀅𑀪𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
အဘျာသ (Burmese script)
અભ્યાસ (Gujarati script)
ਅਭ੍ਯਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌅𑌭𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
ꦄꦨꦾꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
𑂃𑂦𑂹𑂨𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
ಅಭ್ಯಾಸ (Kannada script)
អភ្យាស (Khmer script)
ອຠ຺ຍາສ (Lao script)
അഭ്യാസ (Malayalam script)
ᠠᢨᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘀𑘥𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
ᠠᠪᠾᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦠𑧅𑧠𑧇𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
𑐀𑐨𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
ଅଭ୍ଯାସ (Odia script)
ꢂꢩ꣄ꢫꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
𑆃𑆨𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
𑖀𑖥𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
අභ්‍යාස (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩳 𑪙𑩻𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
𑚀𑚡𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
அப்⁴யாஸ (Tamil script)
అభ్యాస (Telugu script)
อภฺยาส (Thai script)
ཨ་བྷྱཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
𑒁𑒦𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨡𑩇𑨪𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐbʱ.jɑː.sɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐbʱ.jɑː.s̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

See अभ्याश (abhyāśa).

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyāsa) stem, m

alternative form of अभ्याश (abhyāśa, “reaching to, pervading”)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अभ्यास
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अभ्यासः (abhyāsaḥ)	अभ्यासौ (abhyāsau) अभ्यासा¹ (abhyāsā¹)	अभ्यासाः (abhyāsāḥ) अभ्यासासः¹ (abhyāsāsaḥ¹)
accusative	अभ्यासम् (abhyāsam)	अभ्यासौ (abhyāsau) अभ्यासा¹ (abhyāsā¹)	अभ्यासान् (abhyāsān)
instrumental	अभ्यासेन (abhyāsena)	अभ्यासाभ्याम् (abhyāsābhyām)	अभ्यासैः (abhyāsaiḥ) अभ्यासेभिः¹ (abhyāsebhiḥ¹)
dative	अभ्यासाय (abhyāsāya)	अभ्यासाभ्याम् (abhyāsābhyām)	अभ्यासेभ्यः (abhyāsebhyaḥ)
ablative	अभ्यासात् (abhyāsāt)	अभ्यासाभ्याम् (abhyāsābhyām)	अभ्यासेभ्यः (abhyāsebhyaḥ)
genitive	अभ्यासस्य (abhyāsasya)	अभ्यासयोः (abhyāsayoḥ)	अभ्यासानाम् (abhyāsānām)
locative	अभ्यासे (abhyāse)	अभ्यासयोः (abhyāsayoḥ)	अभ्यासेषु (abhyāseṣu)
vocative	अभ्यास (abhyāsa)	अभ्यासौ (abhyāsau) अभ्यासा¹ (abhyāsā¹)	अभ्यासाः (abhyāsāḥ) अभ्यासासः¹ (abhyāsāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Etymology 2

From the root अभ्यस् (abhyas, “to concentrate on, repeat, practice”).

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyāsa) stem, m

the act of adding anything
(grammar) "what is prefixed", the first syllable of a reduplicated radical
reduplication
repetition
(poetry) repetition of the last verse of a stanza or of the last word of a chapter
(arithmetic) multiplication
repeated or permanent exercise, discipline, use, habit, custom
repeated reading, study
military practice
(in later Vedanta philosophy) inculcation of a truth conveyed in sacred writings by means of repeating the same word or the same passage
(in Yoga philosophy) the effort of the mind to remain in its unmodified condition of purity (sattva)

Descendants

→ Hindi: अभ्यास (abhyās)
→ Kannada: ಅಭ್ಯಾಸ (abhyāsa)
→ Old Javanese: abhyāsa, bhyāsa, byasa
- >? Javanese: ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa)
- → Malay: بياسا (biasa)
  - > Indonesian: biasa (inherited)
→ Old Marathi: 𑘀𑘥𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘭 (abhyāsa)
- → Marathi: अभ्यास (abhyās)
→ Tamil: அப்பியாசம் (appiyācam)
→ Telugu: అభ్యాసము (abhyāsamu)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “अभ्यास”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 76/3, 77/1, 77/3.