आश्रम
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आश्रम (āśrama).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɑːʃ.ɾəm/, [äːʃ.ɾɐ̃m]
Noun
आश्रम • (āśram) m (Urdu spelling آشرم)
- (Hinduism) monastery, hermitage, ashram
- साधु आश्रम में वेदों की पढ़ाई करते हैं।
- sādhu āśram mẽ vedõ kī paṛhāī karte ha͠i.
- Monks study the Vedas in the ashram.
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | आश्रम āśram |
आश्रम āśram |
| oblique | आश्रम āśram |
आश्रमों āśramõ |
| vocative | आश्रम āśram |
आश्रमो āśramo |
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit आश्रम (āśrama). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘁𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘦 (āśrama), 𑘁𑘭𑘿𑘨𑘦 (āsrama).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aɕ.ɾəm/
- Hyphenation: आश्‧रम
- Rhymes: -əm
Noun
आश्रम • (āśram) m
- shelter, home, refuge
- Synonym: निवारा (nivārā)
- (Hinduism) hermitage, ashram
- (Hinduism) a stage of life
- Coordinate terms: ब्रह्मचर्य (brahmacarya), गृहस्थ (gruhastha), वानप्रस्थ (vānaprastha), संन्यास (sannyās)
Declension
| Declension of आश्रम (masc cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
आश्रम āśram | ||
| direct plural |
आश्रम āśram | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
आश्रम āśram |
आश्रम āśram | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
आश्रमा āśramā |
आश्रमां- āśramān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
आश्रमाला āśramālā |
आश्रमांना āśramānnā | |
| ergative | आश्रमाने, आश्रमानं āśramāne, āśramāna |
आश्रमांनी āśramānnī | |
| instrumental | आश्रमाशी āśramāśī |
आश्रमांशी āśramānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
आश्रमात āśramāt |
आश्रमांत āśramāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
आश्रमा āśramā |
आश्रमांनो āśramānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of आश्रम (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
आश्रमाचा āśramāċā |
आश्रमाचे āśramāċe |
आश्रमाची āśramācī |
आश्रमाच्या āśramācā |
आश्रमाचे, आश्रमाचं āśramāċe, āśramāċa |
आश्रमाची āśramācī |
आश्रमाच्या āśramācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
आश्रमांचा āśramānċā |
आश्रमांचे āśramānċe |
आश्रमांची āśramāñcī |
आश्रमांच्या āśramāncā |
आश्रमांचे, आश्रमांचं āśramānċe, āśramānċa |
आश्रमांची āśramāñcī |
आश्रमांच्या āśramāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “आश्रम”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “आश्रम”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Sanskrit
Etymology
From the root श्रम् (√śram).
Noun
आश्रम • (ā-śrama) stem, m or n
- hermitage, the abode of ascetics, the cell of a hermit or of retired saints or sages; ashram
- a stage in the life of a Brahman (of which there are four corresponding to four different periods or conditions, namely 1st, ब्रह्मचारिन् (brahmacārin, “student of the veda”); 2nd, गृहस्थ (gṛha-stha, “householder”); 3rd, वानप्रस्थ (vānaprastha, “anchorite”); and 4th, संन्यासिन् (saṃnyāsin, “abandoner of all worldly concerns”), or sometimes भिक्षु (bhikṣu, “religious beggar”); in some places the law-givers mention only three such periods of religious life, the first being then omitted)
- hut built on festal occasions
- college, school
- wood, thicket
- (masculine) name of a pupil of Pṛthvī-dhara
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आश्रमः (āśramaḥ) | आश्रमौ (āśramau) | आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) |
| accusative | आश्रमम् (āśramam) | आश्रमौ (āśramau) | आश्रमान् (āśramān) |
| instrumental | आश्रमेण (āśrameṇa) | आश्रमाभ्याम् (āśramābhyām) | आश्रमैः (āśramaiḥ) |
| dative | आश्रमाय (āśramāya) | आश्रमाभ्याम् (āśramābhyām) | आश्रमेभ्यः (āśramebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आश्रमात् (āśramāt) | आश्रमाभ्याम् (āśramābhyām) | आश्रमेभ्यः (āśramebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) | आश्रमयोः (āśramayoḥ) | आश्रमाणाम् (āśramāṇām) |
| locative | आश्रमे (āśrame) | आश्रमयोः (āśramayoḥ) | आश्रमेषु (āśrameṣu) |
| vocative | आश्रम (āśrama) | आश्रमौ (āśramau) | आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आश्रमम् (āśramam) | आश्रमे (āśrame) | आश्रमाणि (āśramāṇi) |
| accusative | आश्रमम् (āśramam) | आश्रमे (āśrame) | आश्रमाणि (āśramāṇi) |
| instrumental | आश्रमेण (āśrameṇa) | आश्रमाभ्याम् (āśramābhyām) | आश्रमैः (āśramaiḥ) |
| dative | आश्रमाय (āśramāya) | आश्रमाभ्याम् (āśramābhyām) | आश्रमेभ्यः (āśramebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आश्रमात् (āśramāt) | आश्रमाभ्याम् (āśramābhyām) | आश्रमेभ्यः (āśramebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) | आश्रमयोः (āśramayoḥ) | आश्रमाणाम् (āśramāṇām) |
| locative | आश्रमे (āśrame) | आश्रमयोः (āśramayoḥ) | आश्रमेषु (āśrameṣu) |
| vocative | आश्रम (āśrama) | आश्रमे (āśrame) | आश्रमाणि (āśramāṇi) |
Derived terms
- अनाथ आश्रम (anātha āśrama)
Descendants
- → English: ashram
- → German: Aschram
- → Hindi: आश्रम (āśram)
- → Khmer: អាស្រម (ʼaahrɔɔm)
- → Old Javanese: āśrama
- → Malay: asrama
- → Thai: อาศรม (aa-sǒm)
- → Tocharian B: aśrām
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “आश्रम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0158.