उदक
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उदक (udaká).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʊ.d̪ək/, [ʊ.d̪ɐk]
Noun
उदक • (udak) m
- (literary) water
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:पानी
- the ceremony of offering water to a dead person
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | उदक udak |
उदक udak |
| oblique | उदक udak |
उदकों udakõ |
| vocative | उदक udak |
उदको udako |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “उदक”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884) “उदक”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “उदक”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
Konkani
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit उदक (udaká).
Pronunciation
Noun
उदक • (udak) n (Latin script udok, Kannada script ಉದಕ)
Declension
| Declension of उदक | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| ergative | उदकान (udakan) | — |
| nominative | उदक (udak) | — |
| vocative | उदक (udak) | — |
| accusative/dative | उदकाक (udkāk) | — |
| superessive | उदकाचेर/उदकान (udkācer/udkān) | — |
| instrumental | उदकानि (udakāni) | — |
| ablative | उदकात्ल्यान (udkātlyān) | — |
| Genitive declension of उदक | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object | feminine object | |||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| singular subject | उदकाचो (udkātsô) | उदकाचे (udkāce) | उदकाची (udkācī) | उदकाची (udkācī) |
| plural subject | — | — | — | — |
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
उदक n
- Devanagari script form of udaka (“water”)
Declension
Declension table of "उदक" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | उदकं (udakaṃ) | उदकानि (udakāni) |
| Accusative (second) | उदकं (udakaṃ) | उदकानि (udakāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | उदकेन (udakena) | उदकेहि (udakehi) or उदकेभि (udakebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | उदकस्स (udakassa) or उदकाय (udakāya) or उदकत्थं (udakatthaṃ) | उदकानं (udakānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | उदकस्मा (udakasmā) or उदकम्हा (udakamhā) or उदका (udakā) | उदकेहि (udakehi) or उदकेभि (udakebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | उदकस्स (udakassa) | उदकानं (udakānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | उदकस्मिं (udakasmiṃ) or उदकम्हि (udakamhi) or उदके (udake) | उदकेसु (udakesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | उदक (udaka) | उदकानि (udakāni) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- উদক (Assamese script)
- ᬉᬤᬓ (Balinese script)
- উদক (Bengali script)
- 𑰄𑰟𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀉𑀤𑀓 (Brahmi script)
- ဥဒက (Burmese script)
- ઉદક (Gujarati script)
- ਉਦਕ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌉𑌦𑌕 (Grantha script)
- ꦈꦢꦏ (Javanese script)
- 𑂇𑂠𑂍 (Kaithi script)
- ಉದಕ (Kannada script)
- ឧទក (Khmer script)
- ອຸທກ (Lao script)
- ഉദക (Malayalam script)
- ᡠᡩᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘄𑘟𑘎 (Modi script)
- ᠤᢑᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦤𑦿𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐄𑐡𑐎 (Newa script)
- ଉଦକ (Odia script)
- ꢆꢣꢒ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆇𑆢𑆑 (Sharada script)
- 𑖄𑖟𑖎 (Siddham script)
- උදක (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩒𑩭𑩜 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚄𑚛𑚊 (Takri script)
- உத³க (Tamil script)
- ఉదక (Telugu script)
- อุทก (Thai script)
- ཨུ་ད་ཀ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒅𑒠𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨃𑨛𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From उदन् (udan) + -क (-ka), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (“water”). Cognate with English water, Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) and Russian вода́ (vodá).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /u.dɐ.kɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /u.d̪ɐ.kɐ/
Noun
उदक • (udaká) stem, n
- water
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:जल
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.166.5:
- यो॒ग॒क्षे॒मं व॑ आ॒दाया॒हं भू॑यासम् उत्त॒म आ वो॑ मू॒र्धान॑म् अक्रमीम् ।
अ॒ध॒स् प॒दान् म॒ उद् व॑दत म॒ण्डूका॑ इवोद॒कान् म॒ण्डूका॑ उद॒काद् इ॑व ॥- yogakṣemáṃ va ādā́yāháṃ bhūyāsam uttamá ā́ vo mūrdhā́nam akramīm.
adhas padā́n ma úd vadata maṇḍū́kā ivodakā́n maṇḍū́kā udakā́d iva. - May I be highest [among you rivals], having gained your secured possessions, my feet have trodden on your heads.
Speak to me from beneath my feet, as frogs from out the water croak; as frogs from out the water croak.
- yogakṣemáṃ va ādā́yāháṃ bhūyāsam uttamá ā́ vo mūrdhā́nam akramīm.
- यो॒ग॒क्षे॒मं व॑ आ॒दाया॒हं भू॑यासम् उत्त॒म आ वो॑ मू॒र्धान॑म् अक्रमीम् ।
- the ceremony of offering water to a dead person
- ablution (as a ceremony)
- a particular metre
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | उदकम् (udakám) | उदके (udaké) | उदकानि (udakā́ni) उदका¹ (udakā́¹) |
| accusative | उदकम् (udakám) | उदके (udaké) | उदकानि (udakā́ni) उदका¹ (udakā́¹) |
| instrumental | उदकेन (udakéna) | उदकाभ्याम् (udakā́bhyām) | उदकैः (udakaíḥ) उदकेभिः¹ (udakébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | उदकाय (udakā́ya) | उदकाभ्याम् (udakā́bhyām) | उदकेभ्यः (udakébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | उदकात् (udakā́t) | उदकाभ्याम् (udakā́bhyām) | उदकेभ्यः (udakébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | उदकस्य (udakásya) | उदकयोः (udakáyoḥ) | उदकानाम् (udakā́nām) |
| locative | उदके (udaké) | उदकयोः (udakáyoḥ) | उदकेषु (udakéṣu) |
| vocative | उदक (údaka) | उदके (údake) | उदकानि (údakāni) उदका¹ (údakā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀕 (udaga), 𑀤𑀕 (daga), 𑀉𑀤𑀬 (udaya)
- Dardic:
- Kalasha: uk
- Khowar: اُوغ (uġ)
- Helu Prakrit:
- Sinhalese: දිය (diya)
- Gandhari: 𐨀𐨂𐨡𐨒 (udaga)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀅 (udaa)
- → Bengali: উদক (udok)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀅𑀅 (uaa), 𑀉𑀤𑀬 (udaya)
- Niya Prakrit: 𐨀𐨂𐨡𐨒𐨹 (udaǵa)
- Pali: udaka
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀅 (udaa)
- → Hindi: उदक (udak)
- → Konkani: udak
- → Telugu: ఉదకము (udakamu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “उदक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 183, column 2.