उरस्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From उरु (uru) +‎ -अस् (-as), or equivalently inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Húras, an as-stem noun from Proto-Indo-European *h₁urús (broad), from *h₁wer- (broad). Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬵 (varah, breast) and Classical Persian بَر (bar, chest).

Pronunciation

Noun

उर॑स् • (úras) stemn

  1. the chest, breast, bosom
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.158.5:
      शिरो॒ यद॑स्य त्रैत॒नो वि॒तक्ष॑त्स्व॒यं दा॒स उरो॒ अंसा॒वपि॑ ग्ध
      śíro yádasya traitanó vitákṣatsvayáṃ dāsá úro áṃsāvápi gdha
      In like manner as Traitana wounded his head, so has the slave wounded his own, and has struck his breast and shoulders
  2. (in the expression उरसि कृत्वा (urasi kṛtvā), -कृत्य (-kṛtya)) having assented or adopted, in the sense of having put upon the breast
    • Pāṇ 1.4.75

Declension

Neuter as-stem declension of उरस्
singular dual plural
nominative उरः (úraḥ) उरसी (úrasī) उरांसि (úrāṃsi)
accusative उरः (úraḥ) उरसी (úrasī) उरांसि (úrāṃsi)
instrumental उरसा (úrasā) उरोभ्याम् (úrobhyām) उरोभिः (úrobhiḥ)
dative उरसे (úrase) उरोभ्याम् (úrobhyām) उरोभ्यः (úrobhyaḥ)
ablative उरसः (úrasaḥ) उरोभ्याम् (úrobhyām) उरोभ्यः (úrobhyaḥ)
genitive उरसः (úrasaḥ) उरसोः (úrasoḥ) उरसाम् (úrasām)
locative उरसि (úrasi) उरसोः (úrasoḥ) उरःसु (úraḥsu)
vocative उरः (úraḥ) उरसी (úrasī) उरांसि (úrāṃsi)

Derived terms

  • उरग (uraga, snake)
  • उररी (urarī, assent (in compound))
  • उरसिज (urasija, feminine breast)
  • उरस्कृत्य (uraskṛtya, having assented)
  • उरस्तस् (urastas, from the breast)
  • उरस्त्र (urastra)
  • उरस्त्राण (urastrāṇa, breastplate)
  • उरस्य (urasya, pectoral)
  • औरस (aurasá, of the breast)

Descendants

  • Pali: उर (ura)
  • Prakrit: उर n (ura)
    • Gujarati: ઉર n (ura)
    • Hindustani: उर / اُر m (ur, heart, chest)
    • Maithili: उर (ur)
    • Marathi: ऊर n (ūr)
    • Punjabi: ਉਰ / اُر m (ur, chest, power)
  • Malayalam: ഉരസ്സു (urassu), ഉരം (uraṁ)
  • Tamil: உரம் (uram), உரன் (uraṉ), உராதரம் (urātaram, breast)
  • Telugu: ఉరము (uramu)
  • Thai: อุรา (ù-raa)

References

  • Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  • Monier Williams (1899) “उरस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0217.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “úras”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press