कांस्य

Vṛddhi derivative of कंस (kaṃsa) with a -य (-ya) extension.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɑ̃ː.sjɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /kɑ̃ː.s̪jɐ/

कांस्य • (kāṃsya) stem

1. made of white-copper or bell metal or brass
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 13.94.41:

     सुरभ्युवाच ।
     बाल्वजेन निदानेन कांस्यं भवतु दोहनम् ।
     दुह्येत परवत्सेन या ते हरति पुष्करम् ॥

     surabhyuvāca.
     bālvajena nidānena kāṃsyaṃ bhavatu dohanam.
     duhyeta paravatsena yā te harati puṣkaram.

     Surabhi said, "Let her who has stolen thy stalks be milked, with her (hind) legs bound with a rope of human hair, and with the aid of a calf not her own, and, while milked, let her milk be held in a vessel made of white brass!"

कांस्य • (kāṃsya) stem, n

1. white copper; brass, bell metal
   • c. 340 BCE, Cāṇakya:

     भस्मना शुध्यते कांस्यं ताम्रमम्लेन शुध्यति ।
     रजसा शुध्यते नारी नदी वेगेन शुध्यति ॥

     bhasmanā śudhyate kāṃsyaṃ tāmramamlena śudhyati.
     rajasā śudhyate nārī nadī vegena śudhyati.

     Brass is cleansed by ash, copper is cleansed by acid.
     The woman is cleansed by the menstrual flow, a river is cleansed by current.

2. metal vessel, goblet or drinking cup
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 4.63:

     विराट उवाच ।
     बहुशः प्रतिषिद्धो ऽसि न च वाचं नियच्छसि ।
     नियन्ता चेन् न विद्येत न कश्चिद् धर्मम् आचरेत् ॥
     वैशंपायन उवाच ।
     ततः प्रकुपितो राजा तम् अक्षेणाहनद् भृशम् ।
     मुखे युधिष्ठिरं कोपान् नैवम् इत्येव भर्त्सयन् ॥
     बलवत् प्रतिविद्धस्य नस्तः शोणितम् आगमत् ।
     तद् अप्राप्तं महीं पार्थः पाणिभ्यां प्रत्य् अगृह्णत ॥
     अवैक्षत च धर्मात्मा द्रौपदीं पार्श्वतः स्थिताम् ।
     सा वेद तम् अभिप्रायं भर्तुश् चित्तवशानुगा ॥
     पूरयित्वा च सौवर्णं पात्रं कांस्यम् अनिन्दिता ।
     तच् छोणितं प्रत्य् अगृह्णाद् यत् प्रसुस्राव पाण्डवात् ॥

     virāṭa uvāca.
     bahuśaḥ pratiṣiddho ʼsi na ca vācaṃ niyacchasi.
     niyantā cen na vidyeta na kaścid dharmam ācaret.
     vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca.
     tataḥ prakupito rājā tam akṣeṇāhanad bhṛśam.
     mukhe yudhiṣṭhiraṃ kopān naivam ityeva bhartsayan.
     balavat pratividdhasya nastaḥ śoṇitam āgamat.
     tad aprāptaṃ mahīṃ pārthaḥ pāṇibhyāṃ praty agṛhṇata.
     avaikṣata ca dharmātmā draupadīṃ pārśvataḥ sthitām.
     sā veda tam abhiprāyaṃ bhartuś cittavaśānugā.
     pūrayitvā ca sauvarṇaṃ pātraṃ kāṃsyam aninditā.
     tac choṇitaṃ praty agṛhṇād yat prasusrāva pāṇḍavāt.

     Virata said, "Repeatedly forbidden by me, thou dost not yet restrain thy tongue. If there is none to punish, no one would practise virtue."
     Vaisampayana continued; "Saying this, the king inflamed with anger forcibly struck Yudhishthira in the face with a dice, and reproached him angrily, saying, 'Let it not occur again!' And having been violently struck, blood began to flow from his nose. But the son of Pritha held it in his hands before it fell on the ground. And the virtuous Yudhishthira then glanced at Draupadi who was standing by his side. Ever obedient to the wishes of her lord, the faultless Draupadi, understanding his meaning, and bringing a golden vessel filled with water, received the blood that flowed from his nose.

• Pali: kaṃsa
• Prakrit: 𑀓𑀁𑀲 (kaṃsa), 𑀓𑀸𑀲 (kāsa)
  • Central Indo-Aryan:
    • Hindi: काँसा (kā̃sā), कास (kās), कांसी (kānsī)
  • Eastern Indo-Aryan:
    • Assamese: কঁহ (kõh)
    • Bengali: কাঁসা (kãśa)
    • Odia: କଂସା (kaṁsā)
  • Insular Indo-Aryan:
    • Sinhalese: කංශය (kaṁśaya), කංසය (kaṁsaya)
  • Northern Indo-Aryan:
    • Nepali: काँसो (kā̃so, “bronze”), कसकुट (kasakuṭ, “metal alloy”)
  • Northwestern Indo-Aryan
    • Lahnda: [script needed] (kā̃jā)
  • Southern Indo-Aryan:
    • Konkani: कांशें (kāuśẽ)
    • Marathi: कांसें (kāusẽ)
  • Western Indo-Aryan:
    • Gujaratic:
      • Gujarati: કાંસું (kā̃sũ)
      • Saurashtra: ꢒꢱꣁ (kaso)
    • Rajasthani:
      • Marwari: कांसी (kānsī), कांही (kā̃hī)