गृञ्जन
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- গৃঞ্জন (Assamese script)
- ᬕᬺᬜ᭄ᬚᬦ (Balinese script)
- গৃঞ্জন (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰴𑰗𑰿𑰕𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀾𑀜𑁆𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- ဂၖဉ္ဇန (Burmese script)
- ગૃઞ્જન (Gujarati script)
- ਗ੍ਰਞ੍ਜਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑍃𑌞𑍍𑌜𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦽꦚ꧀ꦗꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑃂𑂖𑂹𑂔𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ಗೃಞ್ಜನ (Kannada script)
- គ្ឫញ្ជន (Khmer script)
- ຄ຺ຣິຎ຺ຊນ (Lao script)
- ഗൃഞ്ജന (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᡵᡳᠨᡳᠶᡯᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘵𑘗𑘿𑘕𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠷᠢᡛᠽᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧖𑦷𑧠𑦵𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐺𑐘𑑂𑐖𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଗୃଞ୍ଜନ (Odia script)
- ꢔꢺꢛ꣄ꢙꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆸𑆚𑇀𑆘𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖴𑖗𑖿𑖕𑖡 (Siddham script)
- ගෘඤ්ජන (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩙𑩥 𑪙𑩣𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚓𑚶𑚑𑚝 (Takri script)
- க்³ரிஞ்ஜந (Tamil script)
- గృఞ్జన (Telugu script)
- คฺฤญฺชน (Thai script)
- གྲྀ་ཉྫ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒵𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨼𑨉𑨓𑩇𑨥𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Uncertain.
Mayrhofer tentatively connects this with Ancient Greek γέλγις (gélgis, “head of garlic”) and Swedish kälk, but this is also uncertain. He also originally considered a potential connection with गञ्जा (gañjā, “hemp”), but later doubts this.
Monier-Williams proposes a derivation from गृज् (gṛj, “to rumble, sound”), itself from गर्ज् (garj) and thus Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely”), but this presents semantic difficulties. There is also the phonetic problem of the extra ñ. Compare, however, गार्जर (gārjara, “carrot”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡr̩ɲ.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɡr̩ɲ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/
Noun
गृञ्जन • (gṛñjana) stem, n
- turnip
- a small red variety of garlic or onion (prohibited as food for द्विज) Mn. v , 5 Ya1jn5. i , 176 Bhpr.
- the tops of hemp chewed to produce an inebriating effect (the ganja) W.
- the meat of an animal destroyed by poisoned arrow; 'अथ गृञ्जनं विषदिग्धपशोर्मांसे' Medinī. । Mb.13.9.39.
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गृञ्जनम् (gṛñjanam) | गृञ्जने (gṛñjane) | गृञ्जनानि (gṛñjanāni) गृञ्जना¹ (gṛñjanā¹) |
| accusative | गृञ्जनम् (gṛñjanam) | गृञ्जने (gṛñjane) | गृञ्जनानि (gṛñjanāni) गृञ्जना¹ (gṛñjanā¹) |
| instrumental | गृञ्जनेन (gṛñjanena) | गृञ्जनाभ्याम् (gṛñjanābhyām) | गृञ्जनैः (gṛñjanaiḥ) गृञ्जनेभिः¹ (gṛñjanebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | गृञ्जनाय (gṛñjanāya) | गृञ्जनाभ्याम् (gṛñjanābhyām) | गृञ्जनेभ्यः (gṛñjanebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गृञ्जनात् (gṛñjanāt) | गृञ्जनाभ्याम् (gṛñjanābhyām) | गृञ्जनेभ्यः (gṛñjanebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गृञ्जनस्य (gṛñjanasya) | गृञ्जनयोः (gṛñjanayoḥ) | गृञ्जनानाम् (gṛñjanānām) |
| locative | गृञ्जने (gṛñjane) | गृञ्जनयोः (gṛñjanayoḥ) | गृञ्जनेषु (gṛñjaneṣu) |
| vocative | गृञ्जन (gṛñjana) | गृञ्जने (gṛñjane) | गृञ्जनानि (gṛñjanāni) गृञ्जना¹ (gṛñjanā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “गृञ्जन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 361.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “gṛñjana- - gairika”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 161
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) “gúhā—gṛñjanaḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][2] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 342
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) “gañjavaraḥ—gaḍaḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][3] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 315