चरण
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit चरण (caraṇa).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /t͡ʃə.ɾəɳ/, [t͡ʃɐ.ɾɐ̃ɳ]
Noun
चरण • (caraṇ) m
- foot
- step, stride
- Synonym: क़दम (qadam)
- stage, step, phase
- (poetry) foot; quarter of a verse
- quarter part
- Synonyms: चतुर्थांश (caturthāñś), चौथाई (cauthāī)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | चरण caraṇ |
चरण caraṇ |
| oblique | चरण caraṇ |
चरणों caraṇõ |
| vocative | चरण caraṇ |
चरणो caraṇo |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चरण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
चरण n
- Devanagari script form of caraṇa (“foot; conduct”)
Declension
Declension table of "चरण" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | चरणं (caraṇaṃ) | चरणानि (caraṇāni) |
| Accusative (second) | चरणं (caraṇaṃ) | चरणानि (caraṇāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | चरणेन (caraṇena) | चरणेहि (caraṇehi) or चरणेभि (caraṇebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | चरणस्स (caraṇassa) or चरणाय (caraṇāya) or चरणत्थं (caraṇatthaṃ) | चरणानं (caraṇānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | चरणस्मा (caraṇasmā) or चरणम्हा (caraṇamhā) or चरणा (caraṇā) | चरणेहि (caraṇehi) or चरणेभि (caraṇebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | चरणस्स (caraṇassa) | चरणानं (caraṇānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | चरणस्मिं (caraṇasmiṃ) or चरणम्हि (caraṇamhi) or चरणे (caraṇe) | चरणेसु (caraṇesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | चरण (caraṇa) | चरणानि (caraṇāni) |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- চৰণ (Assamese script)
- ᬘᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
- চরণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰓𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀘𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- စရဏ (Burmese script)
- ચરણ (Gujarati script)
- ਚਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌚𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦕꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂒𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ಚರಣ (Kannada script)
- ចរណ (Khmer script)
- ຈຣຓ (Lao script)
- ചരണ (Malayalam script)
- ᢜᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘓𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᢋᠠᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦳𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐔𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
- ଚରଣ (Odia script)
- ꢗꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆖𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖓𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
- චරණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩡𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚏𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
- சரண (Tamil script)
- చరణ (Telugu script)
- จรณ (Thai script)
- ཙ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒔𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨣𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From the root चर् (car) + -अन (-ana).
Noun
चरण • (caraṇa) stem, m or n
- foot (Gobh., Mn., Bādar. MBh., etc.)
- pillar, support (Hariv.)
- tree root (L.)
- पाद (pāda, “metrical foot”)
- dactyl
- section, division (Bhpr., Sarvad.)
- school or branch of the Veda
- going-about, course (RV., ŚBr.)
- acting, managing, performance, observance (AV., ŚBr. ŚāṅkhŚr. VP.)
- behavior (KāṭyŚr., ChUp.)
- good conduct (Kauś., MBh., Lalit.)
- practicing (Gobh., Nal.)
- grazing, eating (W., L.)
- a certain high number (Buddh., L.)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | चरणः (caraṇaḥ) | चरणौ (caraṇau) | चरणाः (caraṇāḥ) |
| accusative | चरणम् (caraṇam) | चरणौ (caraṇau) | चरणान् (caraṇān) |
| instrumental | चरणेन (caraṇena) | चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām) | चरणैः (caraṇaiḥ) |
| dative | चरणाय (caraṇāya) | चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām) | चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | चरणात् (caraṇāt) | चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām) | चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | चरणस्य (caraṇasya) | चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ) | चरणानाम् (caraṇānām) |
| locative | चरणे (caraṇe) | चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ) | चरणेषु (caraṇeṣu) |
| vocative | चरण (caraṇa) | चरणौ (caraṇau) | चरणाः (caraṇāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | चरणम् (caraṇam) | चरणे (caraṇe) | चरणानि (caraṇāni) |
| accusative | चरणम् (caraṇam) | चरणे (caraṇe) | चरणानि (caraṇāni) |
| instrumental | चरणेन (caraṇena) | चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām) | चरणैः (caraṇaiḥ) |
| dative | चरणाय (caraṇāya) | चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām) | चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | चरणात् (caraṇāt) | चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām) | चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | चरणस्य (caraṇasya) | चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ) | चरणानाम् (caraṇānām) |
| locative | चरणे (caraṇe) | चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ) | चरणेषु (caraṇeṣu) |
| vocative | चरण (caraṇa) | चरणे (caraṇe) | चरणानि (caraṇāni) |
Derived terms
- तपश्चरण (tapaścaraṇa, “the practice of austerities”)
Descendants
- Old Javanese: caraṇa
- Pali: caraṇa
- → Hindi: चरण (caraṇ) (learned)
- → Tamil: சரணம் (caraṇam) (learned)
- → Telugu: చరణము (caraṇamu) (learned)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “चरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0389.