चूर्ण

See also: चरण and चरणौ

Hindi

Alternative forms

चूरा (cūrā), चूरन (cūran)

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चूर्ण (cūrṇa).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃuːɾɳ/

Noun

चूर्ण • (cūrṇ) m

powder (finely ground substance)
(specifically, medicine) digestive powder

Declension

Declension of *चूर्ण* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	चूर्ण cūrṇ	चूर्ण cūrṇ
oblique	चूर्ण cūrṇ	चूर्णों cūrṇõ
vocative	चूर्ण cūrṇ	चूर्णो cūrṇo

Derived terms

चूर्ण करना (cūrṇ karnā, “to pulverize”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

চূৰ্ণ (Assamese script)
ᬘᬹᬃᬡ (Balinese script)
চূর্ণ (Bengali script)
𑰓𑰳𑰨𑰿𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀘𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀡 (Brahmi script)
စူရ်္ဏ (Burmese script)
ચૂર્ણ (Gujarati script)
ਚੂਰ੍ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌚𑍂𑌰𑍍𑌣 (Grantha script)
ꦕꦹꦂꦟ (Javanese script)
𑂒𑂴𑂩𑂹𑂝 (Kaithi script)
ಚೂರ್ಣ (Kannada script)
ចូណ៌ (Khmer script)
ຈູຣ຺ຓ (Lao script)
ചൂര്ണ (Malayalam script)
ᢜᡠᡠᡵᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘓𑘴𑘨𑘿𑘜 (Modi script)
ᢋᠤᠤᠷᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦳𑧕𑧈𑧠𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
𑐔𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 (Newa script)
ଚୂର୍ଣ (Odia script)
ꢗꢹꢬ꣄ꢠ (Saurashtra script)
𑆖𑆷𑆫𑇀𑆟 (Sharada script)
𑖓𑖳𑖨𑖿𑖜 (Siddham script)
චූර්‍ණ (Sinhalese script)
𑩡𑩒𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩪 (Soyombo script)
𑚏𑚱𑚤𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
சூர்ண (Tamil script)
చూర్ణ (Telugu script)
จูรฺณ (Thai script)
ཙཱུ་རྞ (Tibetan script)
𑒔𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
𑨣𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕuːɾ.ɳɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕuːɾ.ɳɐ/

Adjective

चूर्ण • (cūrṇa) stem

minute

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of चूर्ण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चूर्णः (cūrṇaḥ)	चूर्णौ (cūrṇau) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)	चूर्णाः (cūrṇāḥ) चूर्णासः¹ (cūrṇāsaḥ¹)
accusative	चूर्णम् (cūrṇam)	चूर्णौ (cūrṇau) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)	चूर्णान् (cūrṇān)
instrumental	चूर्णेन (cūrṇena)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णैः (cūrṇaiḥ) चूर्णेभिः¹ (cūrṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	चूर्णाय (cūrṇāya)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	चूर्णात् (cūrṇāt)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	चूर्णस्य (cūrṇasya)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णानाम् (cūrṇānām)
locative	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णेषु (cūrṇeṣu)
vocative	चूर्ण (cūrṇa)	चूर्णौ (cūrṇau) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)	चूर्णाः (cūrṇāḥ) चूर्णासः¹ (cūrṇāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of चूर्णा
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चूर्णा (cūrṇā)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णाः (cūrṇāḥ)
accusative	चूर्णाम् (cūrṇām)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णाः (cūrṇāḥ)
instrumental	चूर्णया (cūrṇayā) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णाभिः (cūrṇābhiḥ)
dative	चूर्णायै (cūrṇāyai)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णाभ्यः (cūrṇābhyaḥ)
ablative	चूर्णायाः (cūrṇāyāḥ) चूर्णायै² (cūrṇāyai²)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णाभ्यः (cūrṇābhyaḥ)
genitive	चूर्णायाः (cūrṇāyāḥ) चूर्णायै² (cūrṇāyai²)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णानाम् (cūrṇānām)
locative	चूर्णायाम् (cūrṇāyām)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णासु (cūrṇāsu)
vocative	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णाः (cūrṇāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of चूर्ण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चूर्णम् (cūrṇam)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णानि (cūrṇāni) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)
accusative	चूर्णम् (cūrṇam)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णानि (cūrṇāni) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)
instrumental	चूर्णेन (cūrṇena)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णैः (cūrṇaiḥ) चूर्णेभिः¹ (cūrṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	चूर्णाय (cūrṇāya)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	चूर्णात् (cūrṇāt)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	चूर्णस्य (cūrṇasya)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णानाम् (cūrṇānām)
locative	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णेषु (cūrṇeṣu)
vocative	चूर्ण (cūrṇa)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णानि (cūrṇāni) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

चूर्ण • (cūrṇa) stem, m

powder flour, aromatic powder, pounded sandal
chalk, lime
name of a man

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of चूर्ण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चूर्णः (cūrṇaḥ)	चूर्णौ (cūrṇau) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)	चूर्णाः (cūrṇāḥ) चूर्णासः¹ (cūrṇāsaḥ¹)
accusative	चूर्णम् (cūrṇam)	चूर्णौ (cūrṇau) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)	चूर्णान् (cūrṇān)
instrumental	चूर्णेन (cūrṇena)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णैः (cūrṇaiḥ) चूर्णेभिः¹ (cūrṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	चूर्णाय (cūrṇāya)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	चूर्णात् (cūrṇāt)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	चूर्णस्य (cūrṇasya)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णानाम् (cūrṇānām)
locative	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णेषु (cūrṇeṣu)
vocative	चूर्ण (cūrṇa)	चूर्णौ (cūrṇau) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)	चूर्णाः (cūrṇāḥ) चूर्णासः¹ (cūrṇāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

चूर्ण • (cūrṇa) stem, n

rice mixed with sesame
a kind of easy prose
dividing a word by separating double consonant for obtaining a different sense (in a riddle etc.)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of चूर्ण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चूर्णम् (cūrṇam)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णानि (cūrṇāni) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)
accusative	चूर्णम् (cūrṇam)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णानि (cūrṇāni) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)
instrumental	चूर्णेन (cūrṇena)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णैः (cūrṇaiḥ) चूर्णेभिः¹ (cūrṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	चूर्णाय (cūrṇāya)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	चूर्णात् (cūrṇāt)	चूर्णाभ्याम् (cūrṇābhyām)	चूर्णेभ्यः (cūrṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	चूर्णस्य (cūrṇasya)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णानाम् (cūrṇānām)
locative	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णयोः (cūrṇayoḥ)	चूर्णेषु (cūrṇeṣu)
vocative	चूर्ण (cūrṇa)	चूर्णे (cūrṇe)	चूर्णानि (cūrṇāni) चूर्णा¹ (cūrṇā¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: ژوٗر (ċūr)
Prakrit: 𑀘𑀽𑀭 (cūra)

Terms inherited from 𑀘𑀽𑀭 (cūra)

- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Hindustani: cūr, cūrā
      - Hindi: चूर, चूरा
      - Urdu: چُور (cūr), چُورَا (cūrā)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: চূৰ (sur), চূণ (sun)
    - Bengali: চুর (cur), চুন (cun)
    - Odia: ଚୂର (cura)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Kumaoni: चुरो (curo)
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: चुर (cura)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: cūr
        Gurmukhi script: ਚੂਰ
        
        Shahmukhi script: چُور
        
        Lahnda: چوری (cūrī)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: cūru, cūro, cūrī
        Arabic script: چُورُ, چُورو, چُورِي
        
        Devanagari script: चूरु, चूरो, चूरी
        
        Kachchi: ચૂરો (cūro)
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ހުނި (huni)
    - Sinhalese: හුනු (hunu)
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Marathi: चूर (cūr), चुरा (curā), चुरी (curī)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Gurjara Apabhramsa:
      - Gujarati: ચૂર (cūr), ચૂરો (cūro), ચૂરી (cūrī)

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀽𑀭𑁂𑀇 (cūrei)

Terms inherited from 𑀘𑀽𑀭𑁂𑀇 (cūrei)

Central:
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
  - Hindustani: cūrnā
    - Hindi: चूरना
    - Urdu: چُورنَا (cūrnā)
Eastern:
- Magadhi Prakrit:
  - Odia: ଚୂରିବା (curibā)
Northwestern:
- Paisaci Prakrit:
  - Takka Apabhramsa:
    - Punjabi: cūrṇā
      Gurmukhi script: ਚੂਰਣਾ
      
      Shahmukhi script: چُورݨَا
Southern:
- Maharastri Prakrit:
  - Marathi: चुरणे (curṇe)
Western:
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
  - Gurjara Apabhramsa:
    - Old Gujarati: चूरीइ (cūrīi)
      - Gujarati: ચુરવું (curvũ)

Pali: cuṇṇa
Prakrit: 𑀘𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 (cuṇṇa)
- → Malayalam: ചുണ്ണം (cuṇṇaṁ), ചുണ്ണാമ്പ് (cuṇṇāmpŭ)
- → Tamil: சுண்ணம் (cuṇṇam), சுண்ணாம்பு (cuṇṇāmpu)
- → Telugu: సున్నము (sunnamu), సున్నం (sunnaṁ)
→ Malayalam: ചൂർണ്ണം (cūṟṇṇaṁ), ചൂർണം (cūṟṇaṁ)
→ Telugu: చూర్ణము (cūrṇamu), చూర్ణం (cūrṇaṁ)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “चूर्ण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0401.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “cura”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 267