टङ्क
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- টঙ্ক (Assamese script)
- ᬝᬗ᭄ᬓ (Balinese script)
- টঙ্ক (Bengali script)
- 𑰘𑰒𑰿𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀝𑀗𑁆𑀓 (Brahmi script)
- ဋင်္က (Burmese script)
- ટઙ્ક (Gujarati script)
- ਟਙ੍ਕ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌟𑌙𑍍𑌕 (Grantha script)
- ꦛꦔ꧀ꦏ (Javanese script)
- 𑂗𑂑𑂹𑂍 (Kaithi script)
- ಟಙ್ಕ (Kannada script)
- ដង្ក (Khmer script)
- ຏງ຺ກ (Lao script)
- ടങ്ക (Malayalam script)
- ᢞᠠᢛᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘘𑘒𑘿𑘎 (Modi script)
- ᢌᠠᢊᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦸𑦲𑧠𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐚𑐒𑑂𑐎 (Newa script)
- ଟଙ୍କ (Odia script)
- ꢜꢖ꣄ꢒ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆛𑆕𑇀𑆑 (Sharada script)
- 𑖘𑖒𑖿𑖎 (Siddham script)
- ටඞ්ක (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩦𑩠 𑪙𑩜 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚔𑚎𑚶𑚊 (Takri script)
- டங்க (Tamil script)
- టఙ్క (Telugu script)
- ฏงฺก (Thai script)
- ཊ་ངྐ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒙𑒓𑓂𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨔𑨏𑩇𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ʈɐŋ.kɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ʈɐŋ.kɐ/
Etymology 1
Apparently a Kulturwort of unclear ultimate origin; compare Bashkir тәңкә (təñkə, “ruble, silver coin”), and see there for more.[1]
Noun
टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | टङ्कः (ṭaṅkaḥ) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्कान् (ṭaṅkān) |
| instrumental | टङ्केन (ṭaṅkena) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्कैः (ṭaṅkaiḥ) टङ्केभिः¹ (ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | टङ्काय (ṭaṅkāya) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | टङ्कात् (ṭaṅkāt) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | टङ्कस्य (ṭaṅkasya) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्कानाम् (ṭaṅkānām) |
| locative | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्केषु (ṭaṅkeṣu) |
| vocative | टङ्क (ṭaṅka) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Etymology 2
Of unclear origin.[3] Older theories, such as Pisani's suggestion of a relation to Latin truncus (“tree trunk; lopped, maimed”), are phonetically unconvincing.[4]
Noun
टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m or n
- a spade, hoe, hatchet, mattock, stonecutter's chisel
- a peak or crag shaped like the edge of a hatchet, edge or declivity of a hill
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | टङ्कः (ṭaṅkaḥ) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्कान् (ṭaṅkān) |
| instrumental | टङ्केन (ṭaṅkena) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्कैः (ṭaṅkaiḥ) टङ्केभिः¹ (ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | टङ्काय (ṭaṅkāya) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | टङ्कात् (ṭaṅkāt) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | टङ्कस्य (ṭaṅkasya) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्कानाम् (ṭaṅkānām) |
| locative | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्केषु (ṭaṅkeṣu) |
| vocative | टङ्क (ṭaṅka) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कानि (ṭaṅkāni) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
| accusative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कानि (ṭaṅkāni) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
| instrumental | टङ्केन (ṭaṅkena) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्कैः (ṭaṅkaiḥ) टङ्केभिः¹ (ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | टङ्काय (ṭaṅkāya) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | टङ्कात् (ṭaṅkāt) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | टङ्कस्य (ṭaṅkasya) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्कानाम् (ṭaṅkānām) |
| locative | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्केषु (ṭaṅkeṣu) |
| vocative | टङ्क (ṭaṅka) | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कानि (ṭaṅkāni) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Etymology 3
Of unclear origin.[5] A borrowing from Munda has been suggested by Kuiper and Kirfel (note similarities to the Austroasiatic word for "leg", as represented by Vietnamese chân (“leg, foot”)), though Mayrhofer finds this theory unconvincing.[6]
Noun
टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m or n
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | टङ्कः (ṭaṅkaḥ) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्कान् (ṭaṅkān) |
| instrumental | टङ्केन (ṭaṅkena) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्कैः (ṭaṅkaiḥ) टङ्केभिः¹ (ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | टङ्काय (ṭaṅkāya) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | टङ्कात् (ṭaṅkāt) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | टङ्कस्य (ṭaṅkasya) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्कानाम् (ṭaṅkānām) |
| locative | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्केषु (ṭaṅkeṣu) |
| vocative | टङ्क (ṭaṅka) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कानि (ṭaṅkāni) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
| accusative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कानि (ṭaṅkāni) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
| instrumental | टङ्केन (ṭaṅkena) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्कैः (ṭaṅkaiḥ) टङ्केभिः¹ (ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | टङ्काय (ṭaṅkāya) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | टङ्कात् (ṭaṅkāt) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | टङ्कस्य (ṭaṅkasya) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्कानाम् (ṭaṅkānām) |
| locative | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्केषु (ṭaṅkeṣu) |
| vocative | टङ्क (ṭaṅka) | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कानि (ṭaṅkāni) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Etymology 4
Of unclear origin, perhaps borrowed from a substrate that was absorbed by Dardic languages.[7]
Noun
टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m
- elephant apple (the fruit of Feronia elephantum)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | टङ्कः (ṭaṅkaḥ) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्कान् (ṭaṅkān) |
| instrumental | टङ्केन (ṭaṅkena) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्कैः (ṭaṅkaiḥ) टङ्केभिः¹ (ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | टङ्काय (ṭaṅkāya) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | टङ्कात् (ṭaṅkāt) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | टङ्कस्य (ṭaṅkasya) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्कानाम् (ṭaṅkānām) |
| locative | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्केषु (ṭaṅkeṣu) |
| vocative | टङ्क (ṭaṅka) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Etymology 5
Noun
टङ्क • (ṭaṅka) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | टङ्कः (ṭaṅkaḥ) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | टङ्कम् (ṭaṅkam) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्कान् (ṭaṅkān) |
| instrumental | टङ्केन (ṭaṅkena) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्कैः (ṭaṅkaiḥ) टङ्केभिः¹ (ṭaṅkebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | टङ्काय (ṭaṅkāya) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | टङ्कात् (ṭaṅkāt) | टङ्काभ्याम् (ṭaṅkābhyām) | टङ्केभ्यः (ṭaṅkebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | टङ्कस्य (ṭaṅkasya) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्कानाम् (ṭaṅkānām) |
| locative | टङ्के (ṭaṅke) | टङ्कयोः (ṭaṅkayoḥ) | टङ्केषु (ṭaṅkeṣu) |
| vocative | टङ्क (ṭaṅka) | टङ्कौ (ṭaṅkau) टङ्का¹ (ṭaṅkā¹) |
टङ्काः (ṭaṅkāḥ) टङ्कासः¹ (ṭaṅkāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- → Kannada: ಟಂಕೆ (ṭaṅke)
- → Malayalam: തങ്കം (taṅkaṁ), ടങ്കം (ṭaṅkaṁ)
- → Tamil: தங்கம் (taṅkam), டங்கம் (ṭaṅkam)
- → Burmese: ဒင်္ဂါး (dangga:)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “5426”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-²”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) “ṭaṅkaḥ³”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][3] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 456
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-³”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][4] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) “ṭaṅkaḥ⁴”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][5] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 456
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ṭaṅka-⁴”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][6] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 220
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “टङ्क”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 429/2.