तक्र
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- তক্ৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬢᬓ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- তক্র (Bengali script)
- 𑰝𑰎𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀢𑀓𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- တကြ (Burmese script)
- તક્ર (Gujarati script)
- ਤਕ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌤𑌕𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦠꦏꦿ (Javanese script)
- 𑂞𑂍𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ತಕ್ರ (Kannada script)
- តក្រ (Khmer script)
- ຕກ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- തക്ര (Malayalam script)
- ᢠᠠᡬᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘝𑘎𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᢐᠠᢉᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦽𑦮𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐟𑐎𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- ତକ୍ର (Odia script)
- ꢡꢒ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆠𑆑𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖝𑖎𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- තක්ර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩫𑩜 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚙𑚊𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
- தக்ர (Tamil script)
- తక్ర (Telugu script)
- ตกฺร (Thai script)
- ཏ་ཀྲ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒞𑒏𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨙𑨋𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tákram, from Proto-Indo-European *ténkl̥- (“buttermilk; the acridity of buttermilk”), from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to thicken, be solid”). Cognate with Persian تلخ (talx, “bitter”), Icelandic þél (“buttermilk”), as well as the root तञ्च् (tañc, “to contract, coagulate”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /tɐ́k.ɾɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /t̪ɐk.ɾɐ/
Noun
तक्र • (tákra) stem, n
- buttermilk mixed with (a third part of) water
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | तक्रम् (takrám) | तक्रे (takré) | तक्राणि (takrā́ṇi) तक्रा¹ (takrā́¹) |
| accusative | तक्रम् (takrám) | तक्रे (takré) | तक्राणि (takrā́ṇi) तक्रा¹ (takrā́¹) |
| instrumental | तक्रेण (takréṇa) | तक्राभ्याम् (takrā́bhyām) | तक्रैः (takraíḥ) तक्रेभिः¹ (takrébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | तक्राय (takrā́ya) | तक्राभ्याम् (takrā́bhyām) | तक्रेभ्यः (takrébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | तक्रात् (takrā́t) | तक्राभ्याम् (takrā́bhyām) | तक्रेभ्यः (takrébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | तक्रस्य (takrásya) | तक्रयोः (takráyoḥ) | तक्राणाम् (takrā́ṇām) |
| locative | तक्रे (takré) | तक्रयोः (takráyoḥ) | तक्रेषु (takréṣu) |
| vocative | तक्र (tákra) | तक्रे (tákre) | तक्राणि (tákrāṇi) तक्रा¹ (tákrā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Dardic:
- Khowar: [script needed] (trok, “bitter”)
- → Malayalam: തൈര് (tairŭ)
- Pali: takka
- Prakrit: 𑀢𑀓𑁆𑀓 (takka)
- → Tamil: தயிர் (tayir)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “तक्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 431/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 611-2
- Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers