दुश्मन
See also: दुश्मनी
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian دشمن (dušman), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *dušmánāh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dušmánās, from Proto-Indo-European *dusmenēs. Doublet of दुर्मना (durmanā) and दुमन (duman). Compare Assamese দুছমন (dusomon), Bengali দুশমন (duśmon), Gujarati દુશ્મન (duśman), Marathi दुशमन (duśman), Nepali दुश्मन (duśman), Punjabi ਦੁਸ਼ਮਣ (duśmaṇ), Santali ᱫᱩᱥᱢᱚᱱ (dusmôn).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /d̪ʊʃ.mən/, [d̪ʊʃ.mɐ̃n]
Noun
दुश्मन • (duśman) m (Urdu spelling دشمن)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | दुश्मन duśman |
दुश्मन duśman |
| oblique | दुश्मन duśman |
दुश्मनों duśmanõ |
| vocative | दुश्मन duśman |
दुश्मनो duśmano |
Synonyms
- शत्रु (śatru)
Derived terms
- अक़्ल का दुश्मन (aqla kā duśman)
Derived terms
- दुश्मनी (duśmanī)
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “दुश्मन”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
Nepali
Alternative forms
- दुस्मन (dusman)
Etymology
Borrowed from Hindi दुश्मन (duśman), from Classical Persian دُشْمَن (dušman).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [d̪usmʌn]
- Phonetic Devanagari: दुस्मन्
Noun
दुश्मन • (duśman)
References
- “दुश्मन”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary][1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “दुश्मन”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1931) “दुश्मन”, in A comparative and etymological dictionary of the Nepali language, London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, page 316