पागल
Hindi
Etymology
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀧𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀮 (paggala).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /pɑː.ɡəl/, [päː.ɡɐl]
- Rhymes: -əl
Adjective
पागल • (pāgal) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پاگل)
Noun
पागल • (pāgal) m (feminine पगली, Urdu spelling پاگل)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | पागल pāgal |
पागल pāgal |
| oblique | पागल pāgal |
पागलों pāgalõ |
| vocative | पागल pāgal |
पागलो pāgalo |
Derived terms
- पागलख़ाना (pāgalxānā)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “paggala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পাগল (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬵᬕᬮ (Balinese script)
- পাগল (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰯𑰐𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀸𑀕𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- ပါဂလ (Burmese script)
- પાગલ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਾਗਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌾𑌗𑌲 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦴꦒꦭ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂰𑂏𑂪 (Kaithi script)
- ಪಾಗಲ (Kannada script)
- បាគល (Khmer script)
- ປາຄລ (Lao script)
- പാഗല (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᠠ᠊ᠠᡤᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘰𑘐𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠠᢗᠺᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧑𑦰𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐵𑐐𑐮 (Newa script)
- ପାଗଲ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢵꢔꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆳𑆓𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖯𑖐𑖩 (Siddham script)
- පාගල (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩛𑩞𑩽 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚭𑚌𑚥 (Takri script)
- பாக³ல (Tamil script)
- పాగల (Telugu script)
- ปาคล (Thai script)
- པཱ་ག་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒰𑒑𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨊𑨍𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Probably a borrowing from a late Middle Indo-Aryan Apabhramsha, ultimately from an earlier Prakrit *𑀧𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀮 (*paggala), from a substrate. Possibly related to पङ्गु (paṅgu), फक्क (phakka), and Santali [script needed] (pãk, “to bend”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɑː.ɡɐ.l̪ɐ/
Adjective
पागल • (pāgala) stem
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पागलः (pāgalaḥ) | पागलौ (pāgalau) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
पागलाः (pāgalāḥ) पागलासः¹ (pāgalāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | पागलम् (pāgalam) | पागलौ (pāgalau) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
पागलान् (pāgalān) |
| instrumental | पागलेन (pāgalena) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलैः (pāgalaiḥ) पागलेभिः¹ (pāgalebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पागलाय (pāgalāya) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलेभ्यः (pāgalebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पागलात् (pāgalāt) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलेभ्यः (pāgalebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पागलस्य (pāgalasya) | पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलानाम् (pāgalānām) |
| locative | पागले (pāgale) | पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलेषु (pāgaleṣu) |
| vocative | पागल (pāgala) | पागलौ (pāgalau) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
पागलाः (pāgalāḥ) पागलासः¹ (pāgalāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पागला (pāgalā) | पागले (pāgale) | पागलाः (pāgalāḥ) |
| accusative | पागलाम् (pāgalām) | पागले (pāgale) | पागलाः (pāgalāḥ) |
| instrumental | पागलया (pāgalayā) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलाभिः (pāgalābhiḥ) |
| dative | पागलायै (pāgalāyai) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलाभ्यः (pāgalābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पागलायाः (pāgalāyāḥ) पागलायै² (pāgalāyai²) |
पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलाभ्यः (pāgalābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पागलायाः (pāgalāyāḥ) पागलायै² (pāgalāyai²) |
पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलानाम् (pāgalānām) |
| locative | पागलायाम् (pāgalāyām) | पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलासु (pāgalāsu) |
| vocative | पागले (pāgale) | पागले (pāgale) | पागलाः (pāgalāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पागलम् (pāgalam) | पागले (pāgale) | पागलानि (pāgalāni) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
| accusative | पागलम् (pāgalam) | पागले (pāgale) | पागलानि (pāgalāni) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
| instrumental | पागलेन (pāgalena) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलैः (pāgalaiḥ) पागलेभिः¹ (pāgalebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पागलाय (pāgalāya) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलेभ्यः (pāgalebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पागलात् (pāgalāt) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलेभ्यः (pāgalebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पागलस्य (pāgalasya) | पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलानाम् (pāgalānām) |
| locative | पागले (pāgale) | पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलेषु (pāgaleṣu) |
| vocative | पागल (pāgala) | पागले (pāgale) | पागलानि (pāgalāni) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
पागल • (pāgala) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पागलः (pāgalaḥ) | पागलौ (pāgalau) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
पागलाः (pāgalāḥ) पागलासः¹ (pāgalāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | पागलम् (pāgalam) | पागलौ (pāgalau) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
पागलान् (pāgalān) |
| instrumental | पागलेन (pāgalena) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलैः (pāgalaiḥ) पागलेभिः¹ (pāgalebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पागलाय (pāgalāya) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलेभ्यः (pāgalebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पागलात् (pāgalāt) | पागलाभ्याम् (pāgalābhyām) | पागलेभ्यः (pāgalebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पागलस्य (pāgalasya) | पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलानाम् (pāgalānām) |
| locative | पागले (pāgale) | पागलयोः (pāgalayoḥ) | पागलेषु (pāgaleṣu) |
| vocative | पागल (pāgala) | पागलौ (pāgalau) पागला¹ (pāgalā¹) |
पागलाः (pāgalāḥ) पागलासः¹ (pāgalāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “पागल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 614/2, 1330/2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “pahlava - para -”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 312
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 312
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “paggala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Otto von Böhtlingk (1855) “[3]”, in Sanskrit-Wörterbuch: Part 4, page 625, column 1