पूर्वाह्ण
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পূৰ্বাহ্ণ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬹᬃᬯᬵᬳ᭄ᬡ (Balinese script)
- পূর্বাহ্ণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰳𑰨𑰿𑰪𑰯𑰮𑰿𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ပူရွာဟ္ဏ (Burmese script)
- પૂર્વાહ્ણ (Gujarati script)
- ਪੂਰ੍ਵਾਹ੍ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍂𑌰𑍍𑌵𑌾𑌹𑍍𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦹꦂꦮꦴꦲ꧀ꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂴𑂩𑂹𑂫𑂰𑂯𑂹𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ಪೂರ್ವಾಹ್ಣ (Kannada script)
- បូវ៌ាហ្ណ (Khmer script)
- ປູຣ຺ວາຫ຺ຓ (Lao script)
- പൂര്വാഹ്ണ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡠᡠᡵᠣᠸᠠ᠊ᠠᡥᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘴𑘨𑘿𑘪𑘰𑘮𑘿𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠤᠤᠷᢦᠠᠾᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧕𑧈𑧠𑧊𑧑𑧎𑧠𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐴𑑂𑐞 (Newa script)
- ପୂର୍ଵାହ୍ଣ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢹꢬ꣄ꢮꢵꢲ꣄ꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆷𑆫𑇀𑆮𑆳𑆲𑇀𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖳𑖨𑖿𑖪𑖯𑖮𑖿𑖜 (Siddham script)
- පූර්වාහ්ණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩒𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩾𑩛𑪂 𑪙𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚱𑚤𑚶𑚦𑚭𑚩𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
- பூர்வாஹ்ண (Tamil script)
- పూర్వాహ్ణ (Telugu script)
- ปูรฺวาหฺณ (Thai script)
- པཱུ་རྭཱ་ཧྞ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒫𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨭𑨊𑨱𑩇𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Karmadhāraya compound of पूर्व (pū́rva, “earlier”) + अह्न (ahna, “day”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /puːɾ.ʋɑːɦ.ɳɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /puːɾ.ʋɑːɦ.ɳɐ/
Noun
पूर्वाह्ण • (pūrvāhṇá) stem, m
- earlier part of the day; morning, forenoon
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:प्रभात
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.34.11:
- स्त्रियं॑ दृ॒ष्ट्वाय॑ कित॒वं त॑तापा॒न्येषां॑ जा॒यां सुकृ॑तं च॒ योनि॑म् ।
पू॒र्वा॒ह्णे अश्वा॑न्युयु॒जे हि ब॒भ्रून्त्सो अ॒ग्नेरन्ते॑ वृष॒लः प॑पाद ॥- stríyaṃ dṛṣṭvā́ya kitaváṃ tatāpānyéṣāṃ jāyā́ṃ súkṛtaṃ ca yónim .
pūrvāhṇé áśvānyuyujé hí babhrū́nsó agnéránte vṛṣaláḥ papāda . - The gamester, having observed the happy wife and well-ordered home of others, suffers regret;
He yokes the brown steeds in the forenoon, and at night the sinner lies down by the fire.
- stríyaṃ dṛṣṭvā́ya kitaváṃ tatāpānyéṣāṃ jāyā́ṃ súkṛtaṃ ca yónim .
- स्त्रियं॑ दृ॒ष्ट्वाय॑ कित॒वं त॑तापा॒न्येषां॑ जा॒यां सुकृ॑तं च॒ योनि॑म् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पूर्वाह्णः (pūrvāhṇáḥ) | पूर्वाह्णौ (pūrvāhṇaú) पूर्वाह्णा¹ (pūrvāhṇā́¹) |
पूर्वाह्णाः (pūrvāhṇā́ḥ) पूर्वाह्णासः¹ (pūrvāhṇā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | पूर्वाह्णम् (pūrvāhṇám) | पूर्वाह्णौ (pūrvāhṇaú) पूर्वाह्णा¹ (pūrvāhṇā́¹) |
पूर्वाह्णान् (pūrvāhṇā́n) |
| instrumental | पूर्वाह्णेन (pūrvāhṇéna) | पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् (pūrvāhṇā́bhyām) | पूर्वाह्णैः (pūrvāhṇaíḥ) पूर्वाह्णेभिः¹ (pūrvāhṇébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पूर्वाह्णाय (pūrvāhṇā́ya) | पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् (pūrvāhṇā́bhyām) | पूर्वाह्णेभ्यः (pūrvāhṇébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पूर्वाह्णात् (pūrvāhṇā́t) | पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् (pūrvāhṇā́bhyām) | पूर्वाह्णेभ्यः (pūrvāhṇébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पूर्वाह्णस्य (pūrvāhṇásya) | पूर्वाह्णयोः (pūrvāhṇáyoḥ) | पूर्वाह्णानाम् (pūrvāhṇā́nām) |
| locative | पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇé) | पूर्वाह्णयोः (pūrvāhṇáyoḥ) | पूर्वाह्णेषु (pūrvāhṇéṣu) |
| vocative | पूर्वाह्ण (pū́rvāhṇa) | पूर्वाह्णौ (pū́rvāhṇau) पूर्वाह्णा¹ (pū́rvāhṇā¹) |
पूर्वाह्णाः (pū́rvāhṇāḥ) पूर्वाह्णासः¹ (pū́rvāhṇāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “पूर्वाह्ण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 644.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “pūrvāhṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Arthur Berriedale Keith, Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1912) “pūrvāhṇa”, in Vedic index of names and subjects, volume 2, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. [Published for the Government of India], →OCLC, page 14