प्रतिमा
See also: प्रतिभा
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रतिमा (pratimā).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /pɾə.t̪ɪ.mɑː/, [pɾɐ.t̪ɪ.mäː]
Noun
प्रतिमा • (pratimā) f
Proper noun
प्रतिमा • (pratimā) m
- a female given name from Sanskrit
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | प्रतिमा pratimā |
प्रतिमाएँ pratimāẽ |
| oblique | प्रतिमा pratimā |
प्रतिमाओं pratimāõ |
| vocative | प्रतिमा pratimā |
प्रतिमाओ pratimāo |
Derived terms
- प्रतिमापूजक (pratimāpūjak, “pagan”)
- प्रतिमा आकार (pratimā ākār, “pattern, mould, model”)
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रतिमा (pratimā).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɾə.t̪i.ma/
Noun
प्रतिमा • (pratimā) f
Declension
| Declension of प्रतिमा (fem ā-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
प्रतिमा pratimā | ||
| direct plural |
प्रतिमा pratimā | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
प्रतिमा pratimā |
प्रतिमा pratimā | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
प्रतिमे pratime |
प्रतिमां- pratimān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
प्रतिमेला pratimelā |
प्रतिमांना pratimānnā | |
| ergative | प्रतिमेने, प्रतिमेनं pratimene, pratimena |
प्रतिमांनी pratimānnī | |
| instrumental | प्रतिमेशी pratimeśī |
प्रतिमांशी pratimānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
प्रतिमेत pratimet |
प्रतिमांत pratimāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
प्रतिमे pratime |
प्रतिमांनो pratimānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of प्रतिमा (fem ā-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
प्रतिमेचा pratimeċā |
प्रतिमेचे pratimeċe |
प्रतिमेची pratimecī |
प्रतिमेच्या pratimecā |
प्रतिमेचे, प्रतिमेचं pratimeċe, pratimeċa |
प्रतिमेची pratimecī |
प्रतिमेच्या pratimecā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
प्रतिमांचा pratimānċā |
प्रतिमांचे pratimānċe |
प्रतिमांची pratimāñcī |
प्रतिमांच्या pratimāncā |
प्रतिमांचे, प्रतिमांचं pratimānċe, pratimānċa |
प्रतिमांची pratimāñcī |
प्रतिमांच्या pratimāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “प्रतिमा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “प्रतिमा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “प्रतिमा”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “प्रतिमा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
Old Gujarati
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रतिमा (pratimā).
Noun
प्रतिमा • (pratimā) f
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- প্ৰতিমা (Assamese script)
- ᬧ᭄ᬭᬢᬶᬫᬵ (Balinese script)
- প্রতিমা (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰝𑰰𑰦𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀢𑀺𑀫𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ပြတိမာ (Burmese script)
- પ્રતિમા (Gujarati script)
- ਪ੍ਰਤਿਮਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌤𑌿𑌮𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦿꦠꦶꦩꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂞𑂱𑂧𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಪ್ರತಿಮಾ (Kannada script)
- ប្រតិមា (Khmer script)
- ປ຺ຣຕິມາ (Lao script)
- പ്രതിമാ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡵᠠᢠᡳᠮᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘝𑘱𑘦𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠠᢐᠢᠮᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑦽𑧒𑧆𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑐶𑐩𑐵 (Newa script)
- ପ୍ରତିମା (Odia script)
- ꢦ꣄ꢬꢡꢶꢪꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆠𑆴𑆩𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖝𑖰𑖦𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ප්රතිමා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩫𑩑𑩴𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚙𑚮𑚢𑚭 (Takri script)
- ப்ரதிமா (Tamil script)
- ప్రతిమా (Telugu script)
- ปฺรติมา (Thai script)
- པྲ་ཏི་མཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞𑒱𑒧𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨙𑨁𑨢𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From प्रति (prati, “towards, facing”) + मा (mā, “measure”). Compare प्रतिमिमीते (pratimimīte, “to imitate, make a copy”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɾɐ.ti.mɑ́ː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɾɐ.t̪i.mɑː/
Noun
प्रतिमा • (pratimā́) stem, f
- a figure, image, likeness, model
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.130.3:
- कासी॑त्प्र॒मा प्र॑ति॒मा किं नि॒दान॒माज्यं॒ किमा॑सीत्परि॒धिः क आ॑सीत् ।
छंदः॒ किमा॑सी॒त्प्रउ॑गं॒ किमु॒क्थं यद्दे॒वा दे॒वमय॑जंत॒ विश्वे॑ ॥- kā́sītpramā́ pratimā́ kím nidā́namā́jyam kímāsītparidhíḥ ká āsīt.
chándaḥ kímāsītpráügam kímukthám yáddevā́ devámáyajanta víśve. - When all the deities worshipped the God, what were the rule, the order and the model? What were the wooden fender and the butter?
What were the hymn, the chant, the recitation?
- kā́sītpramā́ pratimā́ kím nidā́namā́jyam kímāsītparidhíḥ ká āsīt.
- कासी॑त्प्र॒मा प्र॑ति॒मा किं नि॒दान॒माज्यं॒ किमा॑सीत्परि॒धिः क आ॑सीत् ।
- c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 32.3:
- न तस्य प्रतिमाऽस्ति यस्य नाम महद्यशः ।
- na tasya pratimāʼsti yasya nāma mahadyaśaḥ.
- There is no likeness of Him; He whose glory is great
- न तस्य प्रतिमाऽस्ति यस्य नाम महद्यशः ।
- idol, statue
- sample
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्रतिमा (pratimā́) | प्रतिमे (pratimé) | प्रतिमाः (pratimā́ḥ) |
| accusative | प्रतिमाम् (pratimā́m) | प्रतिमे (pratimé) | प्रतिमाः (pratimā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | प्रतिमया (pratimáyā) प्रतिमा¹ (pratimā́¹) |
प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimā́bhyām) | प्रतिमाभिः (pratimā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | प्रतिमायै (pratimā́yai) | प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimā́bhyām) | प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्रतिमायाः (pratimā́yāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimā́yai²) |
प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimā́bhyām) | प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्रतिमायाः (pratimā́yāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimā́yai²) |
प्रतिमयोः (pratimáyoḥ) | प्रतिमानाम् (pratimā́nām) |
| locative | प्रतिमायाम् (pratimā́yām) | प्रतिमयोः (pratimáyoḥ) | प्रतिमासु (pratimā́su) |
| vocative | प्रतिमे (prátime) | प्रतिमे (prátime) | प्रतिमाः (prátimāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Derived terms
- प्रतिमत्व (pratimatva), प्रतिमता (pratimatā, “reflection, image, shadow”)
- प्रतिमापूजा (pratimāpūjā, “worship of images, idolatry”)
- प्रतिमातव्य (pratimātavya, “comparable”)
Descendants
- Pali: paṭimā
- Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑀺𑀫𑀸 (paḍimā)
- Sinhalese: පිළිමය (piḷimaya, “statue, idol”)
- → Tamil: படிமம் (paṭimam, “image, example, model”)
- → Hindi: प्रतिमा (pratimā)
- → Kannada: ಪ್ರತಿಮೆ (pratime)
- → Old Gujarati: प्रतिमा (pratimā)
- → Tamil: பிரதிமை (piratimai)
Noun
प्रतिमा • (pratimā) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्रतिमा (pratimā) | प्रतिमे (pratime) | प्रतिमाः (pratimāḥ) |
| accusative | प्रतिमाम् (pratimām) | प्रतिमे (pratime) | प्रतिमाः (pratimāḥ) |
| instrumental | प्रतिमया (pratimayā) प्रतिमा¹ (pratimā¹) |
प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimābhyām) | प्रतिमाभिः (pratimābhiḥ) |
| dative | प्रतिमायै (pratimāyai) | प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimābhyām) | प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्रतिमायाः (pratimāyāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimāyai²) |
प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimābhyām) | प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्रतिमायाः (pratimāyāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimāyai²) |
प्रतिमयोः (pratimayoḥ) | प्रतिमानाम् (pratimānām) |
| locative | प्रतिमायाम् (pratimāyām) | प्रतिमयोः (pratimayoḥ) | प्रतिमासु (pratimāsu) |
| vocative | प्रतिमे (pratime) | प्रतिमे (pratime) | प्रतिमाः (pratimāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “प्रतिमा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 669.