यकृत्

See also: याक़ूत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

যকৃত্ (Assamese script)
ᬬᬓᬺᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
যকৃত্ (Bengali script)
𑰧𑰎𑰴𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀬𑀓𑀾𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
ယကၖတ် (Burmese script)
યકૃત્ (Gujarati script)
ਯਕ੍ਰਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌯𑌕𑍃𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦪꦏꦽꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂨𑂍𑃂𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಯಕೃತ್ (Kannada script)
យក្ឫត៑ (Khmer script)
ຍກ຺ຣິຕ຺ (Lao script)
യകൃത് (Malayalam script)
ᠶᠠᡬᡵᡳᢠ (Manchu script)
𑘧𑘎𑘵𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠶ᠋ᠠᢉᠷᠢᢐ (Mongolian script)
𑧇𑦮𑧖𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐫𑐎𑐺𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
ଯକୃତ୍ (Odia script)
ꢫꢒꢺꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆪𑆑𑆸𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖧𑖎𑖴𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
යකෘත් (Sinhalese script)
𑩻𑩜𑩙𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚣𑚊𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
யக்ரித் (Tamil script)
యకృత్ (Telugu script)
ยกฺฤตฺ (Thai script)
ཡ་ཀྲྀ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒨𑒏𑒵𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨪𑨋𑨼𑨉𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yákr̥ (“liver”), from Proto-Indo-European *yókʷr̥ (“liver”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆 (yākar^ə), Persian (jegar), Latin iecur, Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar), Old Armenian լեարդ (leard).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ́.kr̩t/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /jɐ.kr̩t̪/

Noun

यकृत् • (yákṛt) stem, n

the liver
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.163.3:
  यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां यक्नः प्लाशिभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥
  yakṣmaṃ matasnābhyāṃ yaknaḥ plāśibhyo vi vṛhāmi te.
  From kidneys, liver, and from the spleen, I drive thy malady away.

Declension

Declension of *यकृत्*
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
accusative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
instrumental	यक्ना (yaknā)	—	—
dative	—	—	—
ablative	यक्नः/यकृतः (yaknaḥ/yakṛtaḥ)	—	—
genitive	यक्नः (yaknaḥ)	—	—
locative	यकृति (yakṛti)	—	—
vocative	—	—	—

Descendants

Dardic: (< यकन् (yakan))
- Kalami: [script needed] (yān)
- Kalasha: žạ́ŋgu
- Khowar: ݰیغُن (ṣéġun)
- Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (yū̃)
- Shina: [script needed] (yum)
- Torwali: [script needed] (ǰogō)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
- Marathi: जरंडी (jaraṇḍī, “hepatitis”)
Pali: yaka, yakana
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
- Kumaoni: जिकुडो (jikuṛo)
- Sindhi: जेरो (jero)
→ Kannada: ಯಕೃತ್ತು (yakṛttu)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “यकृत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 838, column 2.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “yákar-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 391
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “yákr̥t”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press