यष्टि
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- যষ্টি (Assamese script)
- ᬬᬱ᭄ᬝᬶ (Balinese script)
- যষ্টি (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰬𑰿𑰘𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀱𑁆𑀝𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ယၑ္ဋိ (Burmese script)
- યષ્ટિ (Gujarati script)
- ਯਸ਼੍ਟਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌯𑌷𑍍𑌟𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦪꦰ꧀ꦛꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂨𑂭𑂹𑂗𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಯಷ್ಟಿ (Kannada script)
- យឞ្ដិ (Khmer script)
- ຍຩ຺ຏິ (Lao script)
- യഷ്ടി (Malayalam script)
- ᠶᠠᢢᢞᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘧𑘬𑘿𑘘𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠠᢔᢌᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧇𑧌𑧠𑦸𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐲𑑂𑐚𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଯଷ୍ଟି (Odia script)
- ꢫꢰ꣄ꢜꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆰𑇀𑆛𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖬𑖿𑖘𑖰 (Siddham script)
- යෂ්ටි (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩻𑪀 𑪙𑩦𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚣𑚶𑚔𑚮 (Takri script)
- யஷ்டி (Tamil script)
- యష్టి (Telugu script)
- ยษฺฏิ (Thai script)
- ཡ་ཥྚི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨪𑨯𑩇𑨔𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /jɐʂ.ʈi/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /jɐʂ.ʈi/
Etymology 1
Probably from a misreading of इष्टि (iṣṭi, “impulse, seeking, sacrificing”).
Noun
यष्टि • (yaṣṭi) stem, f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यष्टिः (yaṣṭiḥ) | यष्टी (yaṣṭī) | यष्टयः (yaṣṭayaḥ) |
| accusative | यष्टिम् (yaṣṭim) | यष्टी (yaṣṭī) | यष्टीः (yaṣṭīḥ) |
| instrumental | यष्ट्या (yaṣṭyā) यष्टी¹ (yaṣṭī¹) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभिः (yaṣṭibhiḥ) |
| dative | यष्टये (yaṣṭaye) यष्ट्यै² (yaṣṭyai²) यष्टी¹ (yaṣṭī¹) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभ्यः (yaṣṭibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यष्टेः (yaṣṭeḥ) यष्ट्याः² (yaṣṭyāḥ²) यष्ट्यै³ (yaṣṭyai³) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभ्यः (yaṣṭibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यष्टेः (yaṣṭeḥ) यष्ट्याः² (yaṣṭyāḥ²) यष्ट्यै³ (yaṣṭyai³) |
यष्ट्योः (yaṣṭyoḥ) | यष्टीनाम् (yaṣṭīnām) |
| locative | यष्टौ (yaṣṭau) यष्ट्याम्² (yaṣṭyām²) यष्टा¹ (yaṣṭā¹) |
यष्ट्योः (yaṣṭyoḥ) | यष्टिषु (yaṣṭiṣu) |
| vocative | यष्टे (yaṣṭe) | यष्टी (yaṣṭī) | यष्टयः (yaṣṭayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Later Sanskrit
- ³Brāhmaṇas
Etymology 2
Of unknown origin, with multiple unconvincing theories proposed (inc. being a relative of यूका (yūkā, “louse”)); contamination with लकुट (lakuṭa, “club”) is the possible source of Ashokan Prakrit *𑀮𑀱𑁆𑀝𑀺 (*laṣṭi), whence words in modern descendants like Hindi लाठी (lāṭhī), Bengali লাঠি (laṭhi). Compare late Avestan 𐬪𐬀𐬑𐬱𐬙𐬌 (ẏaxšti).[1]
Similar words in modern Iranic, such as Pashto [script needed] (laṧta, “rod”), are probably borrowed from the Prakrit form rather than inherited from a common source.
Noun
यष्टि • (yaṣṭi) stem, f यष्टि • (yaṣṭi) stem, n
- "any support": a staff, stick, wand, rod, mace, club, cudgel
- pole, pillar, perch
- a flagstaff
- a stalk, stem, branch, twig
- (at the end of compounds) anything thin or slender
- the blade of a sword
- a thread, string (esp. of pearls)
- a particular kind of pearl necklace
- licorice
- sugarcane
- any creeping plant
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यष्टिः (yaṣṭiḥ) | यष्टी (yaṣṭī) | यष्टयः (yaṣṭayaḥ) |
| accusative | यष्टिम् (yaṣṭim) | यष्टी (yaṣṭī) | यष्टीः (yaṣṭīḥ) |
| instrumental | यष्ट्या (yaṣṭyā) यष्टी¹ (yaṣṭī¹) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभिः (yaṣṭibhiḥ) |
| dative | यष्टये (yaṣṭaye) यष्ट्यै² (yaṣṭyai²) यष्टी¹ (yaṣṭī¹) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभ्यः (yaṣṭibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यष्टेः (yaṣṭeḥ) यष्ट्याः² (yaṣṭyāḥ²) यष्ट्यै³ (yaṣṭyai³) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभ्यः (yaṣṭibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यष्टेः (yaṣṭeḥ) यष्ट्याः² (yaṣṭyāḥ²) यष्ट्यै³ (yaṣṭyai³) |
यष्ट्योः (yaṣṭyoḥ) | यष्टीनाम् (yaṣṭīnām) |
| locative | यष्टौ (yaṣṭau) यष्ट्याम्² (yaṣṭyām²) यष्टा¹ (yaṣṭā¹) |
यष्ट्योः (yaṣṭyoḥ) | यष्टिषु (yaṣṭiṣu) |
| vocative | यष्टे (yaṣṭe) | यष्टी (yaṣṭī) | यष्टयः (yaṣṭayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Later Sanskrit
- ³Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यष्टि (yaṣṭi) | यष्टिनी (yaṣṭinī) | यष्टीनि (yaṣṭīni) यष्टि¹ (yaṣṭi¹) यष्टी¹ (yaṣṭī¹) |
| accusative | यष्टि (yaṣṭi) | यष्टिनी (yaṣṭinī) | यष्टीनि (yaṣṭīni) यष्टि¹ (yaṣṭi¹) यष्टी¹ (yaṣṭī¹) |
| instrumental | यष्टिना (yaṣṭinā) यष्ट्या¹ (yaṣṭyā¹) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभिः (yaṣṭibhiḥ) |
| dative | यष्टिने (yaṣṭine) यष्टये¹ (yaṣṭaye¹) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभ्यः (yaṣṭibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यष्टिनः (yaṣṭinaḥ) यष्टेः¹ (yaṣṭeḥ¹) |
यष्टिभ्याम् (yaṣṭibhyām) | यष्टिभ्यः (yaṣṭibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यष्टिनः (yaṣṭinaḥ) यष्टेः¹ (yaṣṭeḥ¹) |
यष्टिनोः (yaṣṭinoḥ) यष्ट्योः¹ (yaṣṭyoḥ¹) |
यष्टीनाम् (yaṣṭīnām) |
| locative | यष्टिनि (yaṣṭini) यष्टौ¹ (yaṣṭau¹) यष्टा¹ (yaṣṭā¹) |
यष्टिनोः (yaṣṭinoḥ) यष्ट्योः¹ (yaṣṭyoḥ¹) |
यष्टिषु (yaṣṭiṣu) |
| vocative | यष्टि (yaṣṭi) यष्टे (yaṣṭe) |
यष्टिनी (yaṣṭinī) | यष्टीनि (yaṣṭīni) यष्टि¹ (yaṣṭi¹) यष्टी¹ (yaṣṭī¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Pali: yaṭṭhi
- → Marathi: यष्टी (yaṣṭī)
References
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (1999) “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations[1], Helsinki, page 11
- Monier Williams (1899) “यष्टि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 840/3, 848/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 406
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][3] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 12-3
Further reading
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “yaṣṭi”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.