रदति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ৰদতি (Assamese script)
ᬭᬤᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
রদতি (Bengali script)
𑰨𑰟𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀭𑀤𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ရဒတိ (Burmese script)
રદતિ (Gujarati script)
ਰਦਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌰𑌦𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦫꦢꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂩𑂠𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ರದತಿ (Kannada script)
រទតិ (Khmer script)
ຣທຕິ (Lao script)
രദതി (Malayalam script)
ᡵᠠᡩᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘨𑘟𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠷᠠᢑᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧈𑦿𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐬𑐡𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ରଦତି (Odia script)
ꢬꢣꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆫𑆢𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖨𑖟𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
රදති (Sinhalese script)
𑩼𑩭𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚤𑚛𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
ரத³தி (Tamil script)
రదతి (Telugu script)
รทติ (Thai script)
ར་ད་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒩𑒠𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨫𑨛𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *rádati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rádati, from Proto-Indo-European *Hréh₃d-e-ti, from *Hreh₃d-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (rāδaⁱti, “to pave”), Latin rādō (“I scrape”), Old English ræt (whence English rat), and English razor.

The short vowel in Sanskrit is a problem. Lubotsky (1981, 1989) has proposed that the loss of the laryngeal in Proto-Indo-Iranian could be attributed to glottalic theory. Cheung suggests the long vowel in Avestan is a derivation from a nominal form, since it is a hapax legomenon.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɐ́.dɐ.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɾɐ.d̪ɐ.t̪i/

Verb

रदति • (rádati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root रद्)^[2]

to scratch, scrape; gnaw, bite
to cut a path, pave
to lead a river into a channel
to convey, bestow

Conjugation

Present: रदति (rádati), रदते (rádate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	रदति rádati	रदतः rádataḥ	रदन्ति rádanti	रदते rádate	रदेते rádete	रदन्ते rádante
Second	रदसि rádasi	रदथः rádathaḥ	रदथ rádatha	रदसे rádase	रदेथे rádethe	रदध्वे rádadhve
First	रदामि rádāmi	रदावः rádāvaḥ	रदामः / रदामसि¹ rádāmaḥ / rádāmasi¹	रदे ráde	रदावहे rádāvahe	रदामहे rádāmahe
Imperative
Third	रदतु rádatu	रदताम् rádatām	रदन्तु rádantu	रदताम् rádatām	रदेताम् rádetām	रदन्ताम् rádantām
Second	रद ráda	रदतम् rádatam	रदत rádata	रदस्व rádasva	रदेथाम् rádethām	रदध्वम् rádadhvam
First	रदानि rádāni	रदाव rádāva	रदाम rádāma	रदै rádai	रदावहै rádāvahai	रदामहै rádāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	रदेत् rádet	रदेताम् rádetām	रदेयुः rádeyuḥ	रदेत rádeta	रदेयाताम् rádeyātām	रदेरन् ráderan
Second	रदेः rádeḥ	रदेतम् rádetam	रदेत rádeta	रदेथाः rádethāḥ	रदेयाथाम् rádeyāthām	रदेध्वम् rádedhvam
First	रदेयम् rádeyam	रदेव rádeva	रदेम rádema	रदेय rádeya	रदेवहि rádevahi	रदेमहि rádemahi
Subjunctive
Third	रदात् / रदाति rádāt / rádāti	रदातः rádātaḥ	रदान् rádān	रदाते / रदातै rádāte / rádātai	रदैते rádaite	रदन्त / रदान्तै rádanta / rádāntai
Second	रदाः / रदासि rádāḥ / rádāsi	रदाथः rádāthaḥ	रदाथ rádātha	रदासे / रदासै rádāse / rádāsai	रदैथे rádaithe	रदाध्वै rádādhvai
First	रदानि rádāni	रदाव rádāva	रदाम rádāma	रदै rádai	रदावहै rádāvahai	रदामहै rádāmahai
Participles
	रदत् rádat			रदमान rádamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अरदत् (áradat), अरदत (áradata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अरदत् áradat	अरदताम् áradatām	अरदन् áradan	अरदत áradata	अरदेताम् áradetām	अरदन्त áradanta
Second	अरदः áradaḥ	अरदतम् áradatam	अरदत áradata	अरदथाः áradathāḥ	अरदेथाम् áradethām	अरदध्वम् áradadhvam
First	अरदम् áradam	अरदाव áradāva	अरदाम áradāma	अरदे árade	अरदावहि áradāvahi	अरदामहि áradāmahi

References

^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*Hrad”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 186
^ Monier Williams (1899) “रदति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 866.

[1] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*Hrad”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 186

[2] Monier Williams (1899) “रदति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 866.

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