English
Etymology
From Middle English gnawen, gnaȝen, from Old English gnagan, from Proto-West Germanic *gnagan, from Proto-Germanic *gnaganą (“to gnaw”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰnēgʰ- (“to gnaw, scratch”).. Cognate with Dutch knagen, German nagen, Danish gnave (“to gnaw”), Norwegian Bokmål gnage, Norwegian Nynorsk gnaga, Swedish gnaga.
Pronunciation
Verb
gnaw (third-person singular simple present gnaws, present participle gnawing, simple past gnawed or (dialectal) gnew, past participle gnawed or (archaic) gnawn)
- (ambitransitive) To bite something persistently, especially something tough.
The dog gnawed the bone until it broke in two.
c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], line 25:Ten thousand men that fishes gnaw'd upon
- (intransitive) To produce excessive anxiety or worry.
Her comment gnawed at me all day and I couldn't think about anything else.
- To corrode; to fret away; to waste.
1637, Thomas Heywood, The Royall King, and the Loyall Subject. […], London: […] Nich[olas] and John Okes, for James Becket, […], →OCLC, Act III, signature E4, verso:VVots thou vvho's returnd, / The unthrift Bonvile, ragged as a ſcarre-crovv / The VVarres have gnavv'd his garments to the skinne: […]
Derived terms
Translations
to bite something persistently
- Albanian: bren
- Arabic: نَخَرَ (naḵara), قَضَمَ (qaḍama)
- Egyptian Arabic: قرص (ʔaraṣ)
- Armenian: կրծել (hy) (krcel)
- Aromanian: arod
- Asturian: royer, roer, ñascar
- Azerbaijani: gəmirmək
- Belarusian: гры́зці impf (hrýzci), глада́ць impf (hladácʹ)
- Breton: krignat (br)
- Bulgarian: гриза́ (bg) impf (grizá), гло́жда impf (glóžda)
- Burmese: တွပ် (my) (twap)
- Catalan: rosegar (ca)
- Cebuano: kitkit
- Cherokee: ᎠᏍᎪᎩᎠ (asgogia)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 啃 (zh) (kěn), 咬 (zh) (yǎo), 噬 (zh) (shì)
- Czech: hlodat impf, hryzat impf
- Danish: gnave
- Dutch: knagen (nl)
- Esperanto: ronĝi
- Finnish: jyrsiä (fi), jäytää (fi), kalvaa (fi)
- French: ronger (fr)
- Friulian: roseâ
- Galician: roer (gl), rillar (gl)
- Georgian: please add this translation if you can
- German: nagen (de), kauen (de), knabbern (de)
- Greek: ροκανίζω (el) (rokanízo)
- Ancient: τρώγω (trṓgō)
- Hebrew: כִּרְסֵם (he) (kirsém)
- Hindi: कुतरना (hi) (kutarnā)
- Hungarian: rág (hu)
- Icelandic: naga (is)
- Italian: rodere (it), rosicchiare (it), mordicchiare, rosicare (it)
- Japanese: 齧る (ja) (かじる, kajiru)
- Kazakh: кеміру (kemıru)
- Khmer: កកេរ (km) (kɑkee)
- Korean: 쏠다 (ko) (ssolda), 물어뜯다 (mureotteutda)
- Latin: rōdō
- Latvian: kost (lv), krimst
- Lithuanian: įsikąsti
- Macedonian: гризе impf (grize), глода impf (gloda)
- Malay: unggis, kerumit
- Maori: ngūngū, ngau, kakati
- Mbyá Guaraní: nhakaraĩ
- Mongolian: мэрэх (mn) (merex)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: gnage
- Nynorsk: gnaga
- Occitan: rosegar (oc)
- Old Church Slavonic: грꙑсти impf (grysti), погрꙑсти pf (pogrysti)
- Old East Slavic: грызти impf (gryzti)
- Persian: خاییدن (fa) (xâyidan), خسیدن (xasidan)
- Piedmontese: rusié
- Polish: gryźć (pl) impf, głodać impf
- Portuguese: roer (pt), morder (pt)
- Rapa Nui: gaugau
- Romanian: roade (ro)
- Russian: грызть (ru) impf (gryztʹ), глода́ть (ru) impf (glodátʹ)
- Sardinian: rodere, arroere, roere
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: глодати impf
- Roman: glodati (sh) impf
- Slovak: hlodať impf, hrýzť impf
- Slovene: gristi (sl) impf, glódati (sl) impf, poglodati
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hłodać impf, hryzać impf
- Spanish: roer (es), rosigar (es), carcomer (es), chancomer (es), rustir (es)
- Swedish: gnaga (sv)
- Tagalog: ngatngat
- Thai: แทะ (th) (tɛ́)
- Turkish: kemirmek (tr)
- Ukrainian: гри́зти impf (hrýzty), глода́ти impf (hlodáty)
- Uzbek: gʻajimoq (uz), kemirmoq (uz)
- Vietnamese: cắn (vi) (哏), nhằn (vi) (㘖)
- Welsh: cnoi (cy)
- Zazaki: koçen
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to produce anxiety or worry
Noun
gnaw (plural gnaws)
- the act of gnawing
have a gnaw of a bone
Anagrams
Middle Welsh
Pronunciation
Noun
gnaw
- soft mutation of knaw
Mutation
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Middle Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.