噬

噬	U+566C, 噬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-566C

← 噫
[U+566B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

噭 →
[U+566D]

Translingual

Han character

噬 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口竹一人 (RHMO), four-corner 6801₈, composition ⿰口筮)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 210, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4382
Dae Jaweon: page 433, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 692, character 5
Unihan data for U+566C

Chinese

trad.		噬
simp. ^#		噬
alternative forms		簭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (筮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
噬	*djads
筮	*djads
簭	*djads
澨	*djads
遾	*djads

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djads): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 筮 (OC *djads).

Etymology

Sagart (2021c) revises the Old Chinese reconstruction as *m-tet-s, from volitional prefix *m- + a root *tet-s (“to bite”), from which 瘈 (OC *k(ə)-tet-s, “mad; rabid (dog)”) also derives.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai⁶ / sai⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): sai⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ

(Meixian, Guangdong): si⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): siê
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): se⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sē / sī

(Teochew, Peng'im): si⁷
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴
  - Yale: shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
  - Palladius: ши (ši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sai⁶ / sai⁴
  - Yale: saih / sàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai⁶ / sai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei⁶ / sei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯²²/, /sɐi̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: sai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: se⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sā̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: se⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sē
  - Tâi-lô: sē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: se
  - IPA (Xiamen): /se²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
  - Tâi-lô: sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si¹¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zy
  - MiniDict: zy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/

Middle Chinese: dzyejH

Rime
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	時制切
Baxter	dzyejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiaj^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛi^H/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]e[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*djads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]e[t]-s/
English	bite (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
No.	11657
Phonetic component	筮
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	逝
Old Chinese	/*djads/

Definitions

噬

to bite; to gnaw

Compounds

侵噬
內噬 / 内噬
反噬 (fǎnshì)
含噬
吞噬 (tūnshì)
吞噬細胞 / 吞噬细胞 (tūnshì xìbāo)
咋噬
咥噬
咬噬
哮噬
啗噬
啖噬
噉噬
噬人菌
噬吞
噬嗑 (shìhé)
噬指
噬指棄薪 / 噬指弃薪
噬搏
噬攫
噬犬
噬狗
噬胾
噬膚 / 噬肤
噬臍 / 噬脐
噬臍何及 / 噬脐何及
噬臍無及 / 噬脐无及
噬臍莫及 / 噬脐莫及
噬菌體 / 噬菌体 (shìjūntǐ)
噬螫
噬負 / 噬负
噬賢 / 噬贤
噬逆
噬齊 / 噬齐
噬齧 / 噬啮
嚙噬 / 啮噬
屠噬
巨噬細胞 / 巨噬细胞 (jùshìxìbāo)
援噬
搏噬
擇肥而噬 / 择肥而噬
攫噬
柢噬
橫噬 / 横噬
毒噬
犴噬
狂噬
狼吞虎噬
狼噬
狼餐虎噬
獸困則噬 / 兽困则噬
笑口噬噬
肥噬
臍噬 / 脐噬
虎噬
螫噬
貓噬鸚鵡 / 猫噬鹦鹉
蹠犬噬堯 / 蹠犬噬尧
騰噬 / 腾噬
鯨吞虎噬 / 鲸吞虎噬
鯨吞蛇噬 / 鲸吞蛇噬
鷙擊狼噬 / 鸷击狼噬
鷹揚虎噬 / 鹰扬虎噬
齕噬 / 龁噬
齧噬 / 啮噬

References

“噬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “噬”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 212.

Japanese

Kanji

噬

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): ぜい (zei)
Kun: かむ (kamu)

Korean

Hanja

噬 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

噬: Hán Nôm readings: phè

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.