रमते

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrámatay, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rém-e-ti, from *h₁rem- (“to rest”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔρᾰμαι (érămai), Lithuanian ri̇̀mti. Compare also Proto-Turkic *badram, an Iranian borrowing, ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɐ́.mɐ.tɐj/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɾɐ.mɐ.t̪eː/

रमते • (rámate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root रम्)

1. to delight, enjoy, be glad, please
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.145.4:

     न॒ह्य॑स्या॒ नाम॑ गृ॒भ्णामि॒ नो अ॒स्मिन्र॒मते॒ जने॑ ।
     परा॑मे॒व प॑रा॒वतं॑ स॒पत्नीं॑ गमयामसि ॥

     nahyàsyā nā́ma gṛbhṇā́mi nó asmínramáte jáne.
     párāmevá parāvátaṃ sapátnīṃ gamayāmasi.

     I mention not her name [for] she takes no pleasure in this man. Far into distance most remote we drive the rival wife away.

   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
2. to stop, stay; rest
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.38.2:

     विश्व॑स्य॒ हि श्रु॒ष्टये॑ दे॒व ऊ॒र्ध्वः प्र बा॒हवा॑ पृ॒थुपा॑णिः॒ सिस॑र्ति ।
     आप॑श्चिदस्य व्र॒त आ निमृ॑ग्रा अ॒यं चि॒द्वातो॑ रमते॒ परि॑ज्मन् ॥

     víśvasya hí śruṣṭáye devá ūrdhváḥ prá bāhávā pṛthúpāṇiḥ sísarti.
     ā́paścidasya vratá ā́ nímṛgrā ayáṃ cidvā́to ramate párijman.

     Having gone up on high, the God broadhanded spreads his arms widely forth that all may mark him. Even the waters bend them to his service; even this wind rests in the circling region.

   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 3.56:

     यत्र नार्यस्तु पूज्यन्ते रमन्ते तत्र देवताः ।
     यत्रैतास्तु न पूज्यन्ते सर्वास्तत्राफलाः क्रियाः ॥

     yatra nāryastu pūjyante ramante tatra devatāḥ.
     yatraitāstu na pūjyante sarvāstatrāphalāḥ kriyāḥ.

     Where women are honoured and worshipped, there stay the divinities.
     On the other hand, where they are not honoured, every action in unfruitful.

3. to have sexual intercourse
4. to play with, put to stake (with instrumental)

• Pali: ramati
• Prakrit: 𑀭𑀫𑀇 (ramaï)
  • Old Gujarati: रमइ (ramaï)
    • Gujarati: રમવું (ramvũ)
  • Hindustani: ramnā

    Hindi: रमना

    Urdu: رَمنا

  • Marathi: रमणे (ramṇe)
  • Punjabi: ਰਮਣਾ (ramṇā)

• Monier Williams (1899) “रमते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 867.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “ram”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “rámatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 615
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “रम्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1329