रुधिर
See also: रोध्र
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৰুধিৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬭᬸᬥᬶᬭ (Balinese script)
- রুধির (Bengali script)
- 𑰨𑰲𑰠𑰰𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀭𑀼𑀥𑀺𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ရုဓိရ (Burmese script)
- રુધિર (Gujarati script)
- ਰੁਧਿਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌰𑍁𑌧𑌿𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦫꦸꦣꦶꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂩𑂳𑂡𑂱𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ರುಧಿರ (Kannada script)
- រុធិរ (Khmer script)
- ຣຸຘິຣ (Lao script)
- രുധിര (Malayalam script)
- ᡵᡠᢡᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘨𑘳𑘠𑘱𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠷᠤᢑᠾᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧈𑧔𑧀𑧒𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐬𑐸𑐢𑐶𑐬 (Newa script)
- ରୁଧିର (Odia script)
- ꢬꢸꢤꢶꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆫𑆶𑆣𑆴𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖨𑖲𑖠𑖰𑖨 (Siddham script)
- රුධිර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩼𑩒𑩮𑩑𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚤𑚰𑚜𑚮𑚤 (Takri script)
- ருதி⁴ர (Tamil script)
- రుధిర (Telugu script)
- รุธิร (Thai script)
- རུ་དྷི་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒩𑒳𑒡𑒱𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨫𑨃𑨜𑨁𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrudʰrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrudʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰrós (“red”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬙𐬀- (raoiδita-), Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós) Latin ruber, Tocharian A rtär, Tocharian B ratre, Old Church Slavonic рудъ (rudŭ), Lithuanian raúdas, Old English rēad (whence English red).
The epenthesis of -i- from expected *rudhrá is due to influence by रुधिक्रा (rudhikrā́).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɾu.dʱi.ɾɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɾu.d̪ʱi.ɾɐ/
Adjective
रुधिर • (rudhirá)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रुधिरः (rudhiráḥ) | रुधिरौ (rudhiraú) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
रुधिराः (rudhirā́ḥ) रुधिरासः¹ (rudhirā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | रुधिरम् (rudhirám) | रुधिरौ (rudhiraú) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
रुधिरान् (rudhirā́n) |
| instrumental | रुधिरेण (rudhiréṇa) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरैः (rudhiraíḥ) रुधिरेभिः¹ (rudhirébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | रुधिराय (rudhirā́ya) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रुधिरात् (rudhirā́t) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रुधिरस्य (rudhirásya) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिराणाम् (rudhirā́ṇām) |
| locative | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिरेषु (rudhiréṣu) |
| vocative | रुधिर (rúdhira) | रुधिरौ (rúdhirau) रुधिरा¹ (rúdhirā¹) |
रुधिराः (rúdhirāḥ) रुधिरासः¹ (rúdhirāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रुधिरा (rudhirā́) | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिराः (rudhirā́ḥ) |
| accusative | रुधिराम् (rudhirā́m) | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिराः (rudhirā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | रुधिरया (rudhiráyā) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिराभिः (rudhirā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | रुधिरायै (rudhirā́yai) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिराभ्यः (rudhirā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रुधिरायाः (rudhirā́yāḥ) रुधिरायै² (rudhirā́yai²) |
रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिराभ्यः (rudhirā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रुधिरायाः (rudhirā́yāḥ) रुधिरायै² (rudhirā́yai²) |
रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिराणाम् (rudhirā́ṇām) |
| locative | रुधिरायाम् (rudhirā́yām) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिरासु (rudhirā́su) |
| vocative | रुधिरे (rúdhire) | रुधिरे (rúdhire) | रुधिराः (rúdhirāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रुधिरम् (rudhirám) | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिराणि (rudhirā́ṇi) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
| accusative | रुधिरम् (rudhirám) | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिराणि (rudhirā́ṇi) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
| instrumental | रुधिरेण (rudhiréṇa) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरैः (rudhiraíḥ) रुधिरेभिः¹ (rudhirébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | रुधिराय (rudhirā́ya) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रुधिरात् (rudhirā́t) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रुधिरस्य (rudhirásya) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिराणाम् (rudhirā́ṇām) |
| locative | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिरेषु (rudhiréṣu) |
| vocative | रुधिर (rúdhira) | रुधिरे (rúdhire) | रुधिराणि (rúdhirāṇi) रुधिरा¹ (rúdhirā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- रुधिरोद्गारिन् (rudhirodgārin)
Noun
रुधिर • (rudhirá) stem, m
- the bloodred planet or Mars
- a kind of precious stone (compare रुधिराख्य (rudhirā*khya))
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रुधिरः (rudhiráḥ) | रुधिरौ (rudhiraú) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
रुधिराः (rudhirā́ḥ) रुधिरासः¹ (rudhirā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | रुधिरम् (rudhirám) | रुधिरौ (rudhiraú) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
रुधिरान् (rudhirā́n) |
| instrumental | रुधिरेण (rudhiréṇa) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरैः (rudhiraíḥ) रुधिरेभिः¹ (rudhirébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | रुधिराय (rudhirā́ya) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रुधिरात् (rudhirā́t) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रुधिरस्य (rudhirásya) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिराणाम् (rudhirā́ṇām) |
| locative | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिरेषु (rudhiréṣu) |
| vocative | रुधिर (rúdhira) | रुधिरौ (rúdhirau) रुधिरा¹ (rúdhirā¹) |
रुधिराः (rúdhirāḥ) रुधिरासः¹ (rúdhirāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
रुधिर • (rudhirá) stem, n
- saffron
- name of a city
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रुधिरम् (rudhirám) | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिराणि (rudhirā́ṇi) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
| accusative | रुधिरम् (rudhirám) | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिराणि (rudhirā́ṇi) रुधिरा¹ (rudhirā́¹) |
| instrumental | रुधिरेण (rudhiréṇa) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरैः (rudhiraíḥ) रुधिरेभिः¹ (rudhirébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | रुधिराय (rudhirā́ya) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रुधिरात् (rudhirā́t) | रुधिराभ्याम् (rudhirā́bhyām) | रुधिरेभ्यः (rudhirébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रुधिरस्य (rudhirásya) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिराणाम् (rudhirā́ṇām) |
| locative | रुधिरे (rudhiré) | रुधिरयोः (rudhiráyoḥ) | रुधिरेषु (rudhiréṣu) |
| vocative | रुधिर (rúdhira) | रुधिरे (rúdhire) | रुधिराणि (rúdhirāṇi) रुधिरा¹ (rúdhirā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Bengali: রুধির (rudhir)
- Pali: rudhira
- → Old Javanese: rudhira
- → Tamil: உதிரம் (utiram)
- → Telugu: రుధిరము (rudhiramu) (learned)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “रुधिर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0884.