Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rewdʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₁rewdʰ- (adjectival)

red

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ- (64 c, 0 e)

*h₁réwdʰ-e-ti (thematic present)
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: արոյդ (aroyd), երոյդ (eroyd), արուրդ (arurd), երուրդ (erurd)
- Proto-Germanic: *reudaną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *eréutʰō
  - Ancient Greek: ἐρεύθω (ereúthō)^[1]^[2]
*h₁réwdʰ-s ~ *h₁rudʰ-ós (root noun)
- Proto-Celtic: *ruts (“madder”)
  - Old Irish: rú (“madder, a plant from which red dye is produced”)
    - Middle Irish: rú
      - ⇒ Irish: rú Mhuire (“lady's bedstraw”)
*h₁rudʰ-éh₁-ti (éh₁-stative)
*h₁réwdʰ-it-os
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hráwdʰitas (see there for further descendants)
*h₁rudʰ-rós
*h₁rudʰ-tós
- Proto-Italic: *russos^[3]
  - Latin: russus (see there for further descendants)
*h₁rudʰ-yo-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rūˀdjas (post-PIE lengthened grade *h₁ruHdʰ-yo-s)
  - Proto-Slavic: *ryďь (see there for further descendants)
*h₁ru-né-dʰ-ti ~ *h₁ru-n-dʰ-énti (nasal-infix present)
- Proto-Celtic: *rundeti
  - Old Irish: rondaid, ⇒ fo·roind (verbs), ruisse (from past participle)
*h₁rowdʰ-so-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *raudsas
  - Proto-Slavic: *rusъ (see there for further descendants)
*h₁rowdʰ-ós
*h₁rowdʰ-os ~ *h₁rowdʰ-es-os
- Proto-Italic: *rouβos ~ *rouβoses
  - Old Latin: rōbos ~ rōbores
    - Latin: rōbur
*h₁rudʰ-i-pel-
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἐρυσίπελας (erusípelas)
Unsorted formations:
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Lithuanian: raũmins
  - Lithuanian: raumuõ
  - Proto-Slavic: *ruměnъ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Slavic: *rъďa, *rъďavъ (see there for further descendants)
- Albanian:
  - >? Proto-Albanian: *awa-ruđa
    - Albanian: fruth
  - >? Proto-Albanian: *apa-ruđa
    - Albanian: pruth

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 508
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 455
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527

[1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 508

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 455

[3] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527

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