वच्यते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ৱচ্যতে (Assamese script)
ᬯᬘ᭄ᬬᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
বচ্যতে (Bengali script)
𑰪𑰓𑰿𑰧𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀬𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
ဝစျတေ (Burmese script)
વચ્યતે (Gujarati script)
ਵਚ੍ਯਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌵𑌚𑍍𑌯𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦮꦕꦾꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂫𑂒𑂹𑂨𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ವಚ್ಯತೇ (Kannada script)
វច្យតេ (Khmer script)
ວຈ຺ຍເຕ (Lao script)
വച്യതേ (Malayalam script)
ᠸᠠᢜᠶᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘪𑘓𑘿𑘧𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠸᠠᢋᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑧊𑦳𑧠𑧇𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐰𑐔𑑂𑐫𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
ଵଚ୍ଯତେ (Odia script)
ꢮꢗ꣄ꢫꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆮𑆖𑇀𑆪𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖪𑖓𑖿𑖧𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
වච්‍යතෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑩾𑩡 𑪙𑩻𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚦𑚏𑚶𑚣𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
வச்யதே (Tamil script)
వచ్యతే (Telugu script)
วจฺยเต (Thai script)
ཝ་ཙྱ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
𑒫𑒔𑓂𑒨𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨭𑨣𑩇𑨪𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *waćyátay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wačyátay, from Proto-Indo-European *wn̥k-yé-tor, from *wenk- (“to bend”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋɐt͡ɕ.jɐ́.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ʋɐt͡ɕ.jɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

वच्यते • (vacyáte) third-singular indicative (passive, root वञ्च्)

passive of वञ्च् (vañc)

Conjugation

Present: वच्यते (vacyáte)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	वच्यते vacyáte	वच्येते vacyéte	वच्यन्ते vacyánte
Second	- -	- -	- -	वच्यसे vacyáse	वच्येथे vacyéthe	वच्यध्वे vacyádhve
First	- -	- -	- -	वच्ये vacyé	वच्यावहे vacyā́vahe	वच्यामहे vacyā́mahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	वच्यताम् vacyátām	वच्येताम् vacyétām	वच्यन्ताम् vacyántām
Second	- -	- -	- -	वच्यस्व vacyásva	वच्येथाम् vacyéthām	वच्यध्वम् vacyádhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	वच्यै vacyaí	वच्यावहै vacyā́vahai	वच्यामहै vacyā́mahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	वच्येत vacyéta	वच्येयाताम् vacyéyātām	वच्येरन् vacyéran
Second	- -	- -	- -	वच्येथाः vacyéthāḥ	वच्येयाथाम् vacyéyāthām	वच्येध्वम् vacyédhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	वच्येय vacyéya	वच्येवहि vacyévahi	वच्येमहि vacyémahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	वच्याते / वच्यातै vacyā́te / vacyā́tai	वच्यैते vacyaíte	वच्यन्त / वच्यान्तै vacyánta / vacyā́ntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	वच्यासे / वच्यासै vacyā́se / vacyā́sai	वच्यैथे vacyaíthe	वच्याध्वै vacyā́dhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	वच्यै vacyaí	वच्यावहै vacyā́vahai	वच्यामहै vacyā́mahai
Participles
	- -			वच्यमान vacyámāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अवच्यत (ávacyata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अवच्यत ávacyata	अवच्येताम् ávacyetām	अवच्यन्त ávacyanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अवच्यथाः ávacyathāḥ	अवच्येथाम् ávacyethām	अवच्यध्वम् ávacyadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अवच्ये ávacye	अवच्यावहि ávacyāvahi	अवच्यामहि ávacyāmahi

Descendants

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀤𑀺 (vaccadi), 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (vaccaï)
- Dardic:
  - Kalami: [script needed] (bač, “to go”)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (vaccaï)
  - Assamese: বাচিব (basibo, “to escape, be saved”), বাচ (bas)
  - Maithili: बचब (bacaba), बचाब (bacāba, “to escape, be saved”)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (vaccaï)
  - Marathi: वाचणे (vācṇe, “to be saved”)
- Konkani: वच्चे (vacce, “to go”)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀤𑀺 (vaccadi)
  - Garhwali: बच्णु (bacṇu)
  - Hindustani:
    Hindi: बचना (bacnā, “to escape, be saved”)
    
    Urdu: بچنا (bacnā, “to escape, be saved”)
- Takka Apabhramsa:
  - Punjabi: ਬਚਣਾ (bacṇā, “to escape, be saved”)

References

Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*u̯enk-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 683
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “váñcati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 654