व्रीहि
See also: वराह
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৱ্ৰীহি (Assamese script)
- ᬯ᭄ᬭᬷᬳᬶ (Balinese script)
- ব্রীহি (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰿𑰨𑰱𑰮𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑁆𑀭𑀻𑀳𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဝြီဟိ (Burmese script)
- વ્રીહિ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਰੀਹਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍍𑌰𑍀𑌹𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦿꦷꦲꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂹𑂩𑂲𑂯𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ವ್ರೀಹಿ (Kannada script)
- វ្រីហិ (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣີຫິ (Lao script)
- വ്രീഹി (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᡳᡳᡥᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘿𑘨𑘲𑘮𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠢᠢᠾᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧠𑧈𑧓𑧎𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐴𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଵ୍ରୀହି (Odia script)
- ꢮ꣄ꢬꢷꢲꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑇀𑆫𑆵𑆲𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖿𑖨𑖱𑖮𑖰 (Siddham script)
- ව්රීහි (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾 𑪙𑩼𑩑𑩛𑪂𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚶𑚤𑚯𑚩𑚮 (Takri script)
- வ்ரீஹி (Tamil script)
- వ్రీహి (Telugu script)
- วฺรีหิ (Thai script)
- ཝྲཱི་ཧི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑓂𑒩𑒲𑒯𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑩇𑨫𑨁𑨊𑨱𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
A Wanderwort of unclear ultimate origin, though likely from a language southeast of Indo-Iranian.[1][2] Either a borrowing from a Dravidian language (compare Proto-Dravidian *wariñci (“rice”), though Mayrhofer is skeptical of Dravidian being the original source of the word) or, according to Witzel, borrowed from an unknown South Asian, possibly Austroasiatic, source such as Proto-Mon-Khmer *sruʔ (“paddy rice”) (whence probably Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ras and Proto-Austronesian *bəʀas), with the Dravidian word being an independent borrowing of another variant.[3] Related words are found in Iranian, Ancient Greek, and Semitic; see Middle Persian blnc (“rice”) for more.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ʋɾiː.ɦí/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ʋɾiː.ɦi/
Noun
व्रीहि • (vrīhí) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | व्रीहिः (vrīhiḥ) | व्रीही (vrīhī) | व्रीहयः (vrīhayaḥ) |
| accusative | व्रीहिम् (vrīhim) | व्रीही (vrīhī) | व्रीहीन् (vrīhīn) |
| instrumental | व्रीहिणा (vrīhiṇā) व्रीह्या¹ (vrīhyā¹) |
व्रीहिभ्याम् (vrīhibhyām) | व्रीहिभिः (vrīhibhiḥ) |
| dative | व्रीहये (vrīhaye) | व्रीहिभ्याम् (vrīhibhyām) | व्रीहिभ्यः (vrīhibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | व्रीहेः (vrīheḥ) व्रीह्यः¹ (vrīhyaḥ¹) |
व्रीहिभ्याम् (vrīhibhyām) | व्रीहिभ्यः (vrīhibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | व्रीहेः (vrīheḥ) व्रीह्यः¹ (vrīhyaḥ¹) |
व्रीह्योः (vrīhyoḥ) | व्रीहीणाम् (vrīhīṇām) |
| locative | व्रीहौ (vrīhau) व्रीहा¹ (vrīhā¹) |
व्रीह्योः (vrīhyoḥ) | व्रीहिषु (vrīhiṣu) |
| vocative | व्रीहे (vrīhe) | व्रीही (vrīhī) | व्रीहयः (vrīhayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Sinhalese: වී (wī)
- Dhivehi: ވީ (vī)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) “vrīhíḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 282
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “vrīhí-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 597-8
- ^ Witzel, Michael (1999) “Substrate Languages in Old Indo-Aryan (Rgvedic, Middle and Late Vedic)”, in Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies[3], volume 5, number 1, page 27
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “व्रीहि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1043/2.