शाव
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- শাৱ (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬵᬯ (Balinese script)
- শাব (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰯𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀸𑀯 (Brahmi script)
- ၐာဝ (Burmese script)
- શાવ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਾਵ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌾𑌵 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦴꦮ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂰𑂫 (Kaithi script)
- ಶಾವ (Kannada script)
- ឝាវ (Khmer script)
- ຨາວ (Lao script)
- ശാവ (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠠ᠊ᠠᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘰𑘪 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠠᢗᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧑𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐵𑐰 (Newa script)
- ଶାଵ (Odia script)
- ꢯꢵꢮ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆳𑆮 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖯𑖪 (Siddham script)
- ශාව (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩛𑩾 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚭𑚦 (Takri script)
- ஶாவ (Tamil script)
- శావ (Telugu script)
- ศาว (Thai script)
- ཤཱ་ཝ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒰𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨊𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕɑː.ʋɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɕɑː.ʋɐ/
Etymology 1
Probably from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell, to be strong”). Compare also शिशु (śiśu), Welsh cyw (“young animal; chick”), with the same meaning and origin;[1] perhaps the sense of "strength" later changed to mean "growth", and even later to mean the "young" (since they continue to grow to maturity).
Noun
शाव • (śāva) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावः (śāvaḥ) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावान् (śāvān) |
| instrumental | शावेन (śāvena) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावैः (śāvaiḥ) शावेभिः¹ (śāvebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शावाय (śāvāya) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावात् (śāvāt) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावस्य (śāvasya) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावे (śāve) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावेषु (śāveṣu) |
| vocative | शाव (śāva) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- शावक (śāvaka)
Etymology 2
Vṛddhi derivative of शव (śava, “corpse”).
Adjective
शाव • (śāva) stem
- cadaverous, relating to a dead body, produced by or belonging to a corpse
- dead
- of a cadaverous or dark yellowish colour, tawny
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावः (śāvaḥ) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावान् (śāvān) |
| instrumental | शावेन (śāvena) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावैः (śāvaiḥ) शावेभिः¹ (śāvebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शावाय (śāvāya) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावात् (śāvāt) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावस्य (śāvasya) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावे (śāve) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावेषु (śāveṣu) |
| vocative | शाव (śāva) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावा (śāvā) | शावे (śāve) | शावाः (śāvāḥ) |
| accusative | शावाम् (śāvām) | शावे (śāve) | शावाः (śāvāḥ) |
| instrumental | शावया (śāvayā) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावाभिः (śāvābhiḥ) |
| dative | शावायै (śāvāyai) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावाभ्यः (śāvābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावायाः (śāvāyāḥ) शावायै² (śāvāyai²) |
शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावाभ्यः (śāvābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावायाः (śāvāyāḥ) शावायै² (śāvāyai²) |
शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावायाम् (śāvāyām) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावासु (śāvāsu) |
| vocative | शावे (śāve) | शावे (śāve) | शावाः (śāvāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
| accusative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
| instrumental | शावेन (śāvena) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावैः (śāvaiḥ) शावेभिः¹ (śāvebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शावाय (śāvāya) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावात् (śāvāt) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावस्य (śāvasya) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावे (śāve) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावेषु (śāveṣu) |
| vocative | शाव (śāva) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
शाव • (śāva) stem, n
- defilement caused by contact with a corpse or the death of a relation
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
| accusative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
| instrumental | शावेन (śāvena) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावैः (śāvaiḥ) शावेभिः¹ (śāvebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शावाय (śāvāya) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावात् (śāvāt) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावस्य (śāvasya) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावे (śāve) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावेषु (śāveṣu) |
| vocative | शाव (śāva) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
शाव • (śāva) stem
- misspelling of श्याव (śyāva)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावः (śāvaḥ) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावान् (śāvān) |
| instrumental | शावेन (śāvena) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावैः (śāvaiḥ) शावेभिः¹ (śāvebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शावाय (śāvāya) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावात् (śāvāt) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावस्य (śāvasya) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावे (śāve) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावेषु (śāveṣu) |
| vocative | शाव (śāva) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावा (śāvā) | शावे (śāve) | शावाः (śāvāḥ) |
| accusative | शावाम् (śāvām) | शावे (śāve) | शावाः (śāvāḥ) |
| instrumental | शावया (śāvayā) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावाभिः (śāvābhiḥ) |
| dative | शावायै (śāvāyai) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावाभ्यः (śāvābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावायाः (śāvāyāḥ) शावायै² (śāvāyai²) |
शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावाभ्यः (śāvābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावायाः (śāvāyāḥ) शावायै² (śāvāyai²) |
शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावायाम् (śāvāyām) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावासु (śāvāsu) |
| vocative | शावे (śāve) | शावे (śāve) | शावाः (śāvāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
| accusative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
| instrumental | शावेन (śāvena) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावैः (śāvaiḥ) शावेभिः¹ (śāvebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शावाय (śāvāya) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावात् (śāvāt) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावस्य (śāvasya) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावे (śāve) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावेषु (śāveṣu) |
| vocative | शाव (śāva) | शावे (śāve) | शावानि (śāvāni) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
शाव • (śāva) stem, m
- misspelling of श्याव (śyāva)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शावः (śāvaḥ) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शावम् (śāvam) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावान् (śāvān) |
| instrumental | शावेन (śāvena) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावैः (śāvaiḥ) शावेभिः¹ (śāvebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शावाय (śāvāya) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शावात् (śāvāt) | शावाभ्याम् (śāvābhyām) | शावेभ्यः (śāvebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शावस्य (śāvasya) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावानाम् (śāvānām) |
| locative | शावे (śāve) | शावयोः (śāvayoḥ) | शावेषु (śāveṣu) |
| vocative | शाव (śāva) | शावौ (śāvau) शावा¹ (śāvā¹) |
शावाः (śāvāḥ) शावासः¹ (śāvāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “śāva-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 490
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “शाव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1068/2.